Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
-
Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
-
Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
-
Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
-
Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
-
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,190 results · Feed
-
High 7.8
ICSA-22-055-01 FATEK Automation FvDesigner
The affected product is vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write while processing project files, which allows an attacker to craft a project file that would allow arbitrary code execution.
-
Unscored —
A flaw was found in htmldoc in v1.9.12. Heap buffer overflow in pspdf_prepare_page(),in ps-pdf.cxx may lead to execute …
-
Unscored —
A vulnerability has been identified in Simcenter Femap (All versions < V2022.1.1). Affected application contains an out…
-
High 8.8
The Samba vfs_fruit module uses extended file attributes (EA, xattr) to provide "...enhanced compatibility with Apple S…
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader 11.1…
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader 11.1…
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sante DICOM Viewer Pr…
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sante DICOM Viewer Pr…
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sante DICOM Viewer Pr…
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sante DICOM Viewer Pr…
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sante DICOM Viewer Pr…
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley View 10.15.0.…
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley View 10.15.0.…
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley View 10.15.0.…
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
High 7.8
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley MicroStation …
-
Unscored —
An out-of-bounds (OOB) memory write flaw was found in the NFSD in the Linux kernel. Missing sanity may lead to a write …
-
High 7.8
Adobe After Effects 3GP File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe After Effects versions 22.1.1 (and earlier) and 18.4.3 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interact…
-
High 7.8
Adobe Illustrator Out-of-bounds Write could lead to Arbitrary code execution
Adobe Illustrator versions 25.4.3 (and earlier) and 26.0.2 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interactio…
-
High 7.5
A CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability exists that could cause denial of service when an attacker sends a special…
-
High 7.8
Out-of-bounds write in the Intel(R) Kernelflinger project may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalat…
-
High 7.8
Out-of-bounds write in the firmware for some Intel(R) Processors may allow a privileged user to potentially enable an e…
-
High 7.8
VP9 Video Extensions Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
VP9 Video Extensions Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
-
Unscored —
A vulnerability has been identified in Simcenter Femap V2020.2 (All versions), Simcenter Femap V2021.1 (All versions). …
-
Unscored —
A vulnerability has been identified in Simcenter Femap V2020.2 (All versions), Simcenter Femap V2021.1 (All versions). …