Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
-
Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
-
Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
-
Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
-
Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
-
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,190 results · Feed
-
High 7.5
OctoRPKI lacks contextual out-of-bounds check when validating RPKI ROA maxLength values
Any CA issuer in the RPKI can trick OctoRPKI prior to 1.3.0 into emitting an invalid VRP "MaxLength" value, causing RTR sessions to terminate. An attacker can use this to disable RPKI Origin Validation in a victim network (for example AS 13335 - Cloudflare) p…
-
High 8.8CVE-2021-30665 Exploited
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in watchOS 7.4.1, iOS 14.5.…
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
High 8.8
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 12.5.4. Processing m…
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
High 7.8
Adobe After Effects JPEG2000 Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe After Effects version 18.2.1 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds Write vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the…
-
High 7.8
Adobe After Effects PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe After Effects version 18.2.1 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds Write vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the…
-
Medium 6.5
A CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability that could cause a Denial of Service on the Modicon PLC controller / simul…
-
High 8.8
Adobe Acrobat Reader out-of-bounds write vulnerability could lead to arbitrary code execution
Acrobat Reader DC versions versions 2021.001.20150 (and earlier), 2020.001.30020 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30194 (and earlier) are affected by an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability within the ImageTool component. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage thi…
-
High 8.8
Adobe Acrobat Reader memory corruption vulnerability could lead to remote code execution
Acrobat Reader DC versions versions 2021.001.20150 (and earlier), 2020.001.30020 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30194 (and earlier) are affected by a memory corruption vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitra…
-
High 7.8CVE-2021-21086 Public exploit
Adobe Reader CoolType Arbitrary Stack Manipulation
Acrobat Reader DC versions versions 2020.013.20074 (and earlier), 2020.001.30018 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30188 (and earlier) are affected by an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the CoolType library. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulne…
-
High 7.8
Adobe Bridge SGI File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Bridge versions 11.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a m…
-
High 7.8
Adobe Photoshop U3D File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Photoshop versions 21.2.10 (and earlier) and 22.4.3 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction…
-
Unscored —
A flaw has been found in libssh in versions prior to 0.9.6. The SSH protocol keeps track of two shared secrets during t…
-
Medium 5.3
Cisco NX-OS Software system login block-for Denial of Service Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the implementation of the system login block-for command for Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a login process to unexpectedly restart, causing a denial of service (DoS) condition. This vulnerabil…
-
Unscored —
An out-of-bounds write flaw was found in the UAS (USB Attached SCSI) device emulation of QEMU in versions prior to 6.2.…
-
Unscored —
Cscape (All Versions prior to 9.90 SP5) lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing project files. This …
-
High 7.8CVE-2021-30900 Exploited
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 14.8.1 and iPadOS …
KEV Mar 30, 2023 -
High 7.8
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.0.2 and iPadOS 15.…
KEV May 23, 2022 -
High 7.8
Adobe Animate BMP File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Animate version 21.0.6 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue re…
-
High 7.8
Adobe After Effects heap corruption vulnerability could lead to arbitrary code execution
Adobe After Effects version 18.2 (and earlier) is affected by a heap corruption vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the curren…
-
High 7.8
Adobe After Effects memory corruption could lead to arbitrary code execution
Adobe After Effects version 18.2 (and earlier) is affected by a memory corruption vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the curr…
-
High 7.8
Adobe After Effects Memory corruption could lead to code execution vulnerability
Adobe After Effects version 18.2 (and earlier) is affected by a memory corruption vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the curr…
-
High 7.8
Adobe FrameMaker PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Framemaker version 2020.0.1 (and earlier) and 2019.0.8 (and earlier) are affected by an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code exec…
-
High 7.8
Adobe Bridge JPEG2000 Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Bridge version 11.0.2 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the curren…
-
High 7.8
Adobe Bridge PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Bridge version 11.0.2 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the curren…
-
High 8.8
Adobe Acrobat Pro DC Out-of-Bounds Write Arbitrary Code Execution Vulnerability
Acrobat Reader DC versions 2021.005.20054 (and earlier), 2020.004.30005 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30197 (and earlier) are affected by an Out-of-bounds write vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary cod…
-
High 7.8
Adobe Illustrator PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Illustrator version 25.2.3 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the c…
-
High 7.8
Adobe Illustrator JPEG2000 Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Adobe Illustrator version 25.2.3 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the c…
-
Low 3.3
A heap-based buffer overflow in the libexe_io_handle_read_coff_optional_header function of libyal libexe before 2018112…
-
High 7.5
Polipo through 1.1.1, when NDEBUG is used, allows a heap-based buffer overflow during parsing of a Range header. NOTE: …
-
High 7.1
Heap buffer overflow in `FractionalAvgPoolGrad` in TensorFlow
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions the implementation for `tf.raw_ops.FractionalAvgPoolGrad` can be tricked into accessing data outside of bounds of heap allocated buffers. The [implementation](https://…
-
High 7.8
Segfault and heap buffer overflow in `{Experimental,}DatasetToTFRecord` in TensorFlow
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions the implementation for `tf.raw_ops.ExperimentalDatasetToTFRecord` and `tf.raw_ops.DatasetToTFRecord` can trigger heap buffer overflow and segmentation fault. The [impl…
-
Unscored —
FATEK Automation FvDesigner, Versions 1.5.88 and prior is vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write while processing project…
-
Critical 9.8
Out of bounds write in nalgebra
An issue was discovered in the nalgebra crate before 0.27.1 for Rust. It allows out-of-bounds memory access because it does not ensure that the number of elements is equal to the product of the row count and column count.
-
High 8.8
Adobe InDesign CoolType out of bounds write vulnerability could lead to arbitrary stack manipulation
Adobe InDesign version 16.0 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the CoolType library. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve remote code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitat…
-
Medium 6.8
Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability
Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
Critical 9.0
Serv-U Remote Memory Escape Vulnerability
Microsoft discovered a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the SolarWinds Serv-U product utilizing a Remote Memory Escape Vulnerability. If exploited, a threat actor may be able to gain privileged access to the machine hosting Serv-U Only. SolarWinds…
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
Medium 5.3
SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP and ABAP Platform, versions - KRNL32NUC 7.21, 7.21EXT, 7.22, 7.22EXT, KRNL32UC 7.21, 7.21EXT, 7.2…
-
Medium 4.3
SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer, version - 9, allows a user to open manipulated CGM file received from untrusted source…
-
Unscored —
A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions < V13.2), Teamcenter Visualization (All versions < V13.2). T…
-
Unscored —
A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions < V13.2), Teamcenter Visualization (All versions < V13.2). T…