Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
-
Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
-
Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
-
Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
-
Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
-
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,159 results · Feed
-
Medium 4.8
PAN-OS: Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities in User-ID Terminal Server Agent
Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the User-ID Terminal Server Agent (TSA) component of Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS software allow an unauthenticated attacker with network access to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or potentially execute arbit…
-
High 7.0
Composer: Arbitrary file write outside vendor via malicious transitive package name
Composer is a dependency Manager for the PHP language. Prior to 2.2.29 and 2.10.2, a maliciously crafted package from an untrusted repository other than Packagist.org or Private Packagist can cause Composer to write attacker-controlled files outside the vendo…
-
High 7.8
Security vulnerability in Foxit PDF Editor/Reader — U3D Adobe Mesh Decompression (Type Confusion / Invalid Pointer Dereference)
The application opened a PDF file containing an abnormal Unity 3D object. During parsing, the application incorrectly resolved a portion of the abnormal object as a pointer and used it as a valid address, ultimately causing the application to crash.
-
Critical 9.8
DBI versions before 1.650 for Perl have a heap overflow when preparsing SQL statements with an extreme number of placeholders
DBI versions before 1.650 for Perl have a heap overflow when preparsing SQL statements with an extreme number of placeholders. The fix for CVE-2026-10879 did not allocate enough memory to handle approximately 1.2-million placeholders. DBI version 1.650 sets a…
-
High 8.4
Out-of-bounds write in Labcenter Proteus
The application contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that can be exploited by an attacker to cause the program to write data past the end of an allocated memory buffer. This can lead to arbitrary code execution.
-
Medium 5.3
Out-of-bounds Write in Camera Driver
Memory Corruption when updating prepared commands with invalid port indices based on user space input exceeds supported read client limits.
-
Medium 5.3
Out-of-bounds Write in Camera Driver
Memory Corruption when validating input batch size and buffer plane count exceeds maximum allowed values.
-
Medium 5.3
Out-of-bounds Write in Camera Driver
Memory Corruption when handling flash commands due to outdated LED count values being used after userspace modification.
-
Medium 5.3
Out-of-bounds Write in Camera Driver
Memory Corruption when parsing jpeg commands due to unaccounted extra writes to the buffer during validation checks.
-
Medium 5.5
OP-TEE has SHA-3 accelerated finalize heap overflow
OP-TEE is a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) designed as companion to a non-secure Linux kernel running on Arm; Cortex-A cores using the TrustZone technology. Starting in version 3.21.0 and prior to version 4.11.0, the ARM Crypto Extensions accelerated SHA…
-
High 8.8CVE-2026-53360 Public exploit
KVM: SEV: Require in-GHCB scratch area if GHCB v2+ is in use
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: SEV: Require in-GHCB scratch area if GHCB v2+ is in use As per the GHCB spec, when using GHCB v2+ require the software scratch area to reside in the GHCB's shared buffer. Note, things li…
-
Medium 4.2
Freeipa: ipa: idm: freeipa: off-by-one buffer overflows in ipa-otpd oauth2.c during oauth2 device authorization
Two off-by-one errors in the FreeIPA ipa-otpd daemon's OAuth2 device authorization handler can cause out-of-bounds memory access when processing an oversized response from a configured external OAuth2/OIDC Identity Provider. An attacker who controls or can ma…
-
High 8.6
WatchGuard Firebox Authenticated Out of Bounds Write in Management CLI Command Handler
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS's CLI could allow an authenticated privileged user to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted CLI command.
-
High 8.6
WatchGuard Firebox networkd Out of Bounds Write Vulnerability
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS networkd process could allow an authenticated privileged user to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted requests to the Management Web UI.
-
High 8.6
WatchGuard Firebox wgagent Out of Bounds Write Vulnerability
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS wgagent process could allow an authenticated privileged user to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted requests to the Management Web UI.
-
High 8.6
WatchGuard Firebox ikestubd Out of Bounds Write Vulnerability
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS ikestubd process could allow an authenticated privileged user to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted requests to the Management Web UI.
-
High 8.8
Out of bounds write in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code i…
-
High 8.3
Out of bounds write in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the …
-
Critical 9.6
Out of bounds write in Tint in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a …
-
Critical 9.6
Out of bounds write in ANGLE in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker to potentially pe…
-
High 8.8
Out of bounds read and write in Tint in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker to potentially p…
-
Critical 9.6
Out of bounds read and write in Dawn in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.46 allowed a remote attacker to potentially p…
-
High 8.3
Ladybird - Web-Reachable Code Execution via Dangling FunctionType Reference in WebAssembly ESM Integration
Ladybird before commit 2f9dc7e contains a dangling-reference memory-safety flaw in its WebAssembly ESM-integration module loader. When a JavaScript function is imported into a WebAssembly module via the ESM path, WebAssemblyModule.cpp passes a stack-local Was…
-
Medium 5.5
ImageMagick: Heap Buffer Over-Write in JP2 encoder when due to incorrect handling of arguments
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to version 7.1.2-26, an incorrect handling of arguments can cause a heap buffer over-write in the JP2 encoder. This issue has been fixed in version7.1.2-26.
-
Medium 5.9
ImageMagick: Heap Buffer Overflow in ImageMagick MVG decoder
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-51 and 7.1.2-26, a heap buffer overflow occurs in the MVG decoder that could result in an out of bounds write when processing a crafted ima…
-
Critical 9.0
NVIDIA ConnectX and BlueField contain a vulnerability in the command interface where a local user with virtual function…
-
Critical 9.0
NVIDIA ConnectX and BlueField contain a vulnerability in the command interface where a local user with virtual function…
-
Critical 9.8
UltraVNC repeater HTTP server global buffer overflow via long URI (pre-auth RCE)
UltraVNC repeater through 1.8.2.2 contains a global buffer overflow in its embedded HTTP administration server. The functions wi_senderr() and wi_replyhdr() in repeater/webgui/webutils.c write the caller-supplied HTTP request URI into a fixed 1000-byte global…
-
High 8.8
UltraVNC viewer heap buffer overflow via integer overflow in RFB connection-failure reason length
UltraVNC viewer through 1.8.2.2 contains an integer overflow leading to a heap buffer overflow in the RFB protocol failure-response parsing path. In vncviewer/ClientConnection.cpp, the 4-byte network-supplied reasonLen field (type CARD32) is passed as reasonL…
-
High 7.5
UltraVNC viewer off-by-one stack overflow in ServerInit desktop name parsing
UltraVNC viewer through 1.8.2.2 contains an off-by-one stack buffer overflow in the RFB ServerInit message handler. In vncviewer/ClientConnection.cpp, when the server-supplied nameLength equals exactly 2024 the code declares a 2024-byte stack buffer _dn[2024]…
-
High 7.2
UltraVNC repeater authenticated out-of-bounds write in rule parser via oversized token
UltraVNC repeater through 1.8.2.2 contains a post-authentication out-of-bounds write in the allow/deny rule parser. In repeater/webgui/settings.c:225-272, after strncpy_s copies a rule token into temp1[rule1] (25-byte destination) or temp2/temp3 (16-byte dest…
-
Medium 5.3
In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote denial of se…
-
High 7.5
In Modem, there is a possible memory corruption due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote escalation of …
-
High 7.8CVE-2026-14191 Public exploit
WinRAR / UnRAR RAR5 recovery-volume (.rev) out-of-bounds heap write in RecVolumes5::ReadHeader
An out-of-bounds heap write exists in the RAR5 recovery-volume (.rev) parser in WinRAR and UnRAR (RecVolumes5::ReadHeader in recvol5.cpp). The RecItems vector is sized only when the first .rev file in a set is processed; subsequent .rev files supply an indepe…
-
Medium 6.3CVE-2026-54900 Public exploit
Oj: Negative-Size memcpy in Oj::Parser create_id Attribute Handling
Oj (Optimized JSON) is a JSON parser and Object marshaller packaged as a Ruby gem. In versions prior to 3.17.2, when in usual mode with create_id enabled, Oj::Parser#parse is vulnerable to heap corruption via a negative-size memcpy. When a JSON object key is …
-
High 7.5
Oj: Stack Buffer Overflow in Oj::Doc#each_child via Deeply Nested Input
Oj (Optimized JSON) is a JSON parser and Object marshaller packaged as a Ruby gem. In versions prior to 3.17.3, Oj::Doc#each_child, when invoked recursively over a deeply nested JSON document, overflows a fixed-size stack buffer and aborts the process, leadin…
-
Critical 9.6
Out of bounds read and write in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had comprom…
-
Medium 5.7
Out of bounds read in Chromecast in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a local attacker to obtain potentially…
-
Medium 6.5
Out of bounds read in Layout in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially se…
-
Low 3.7
Ruby JSON: JSON generator heap buffer overflow when streaming to an IO
Ruby JSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. Versions 2.9.0 through 2.19.8 are vulnerable to heap buffer overflow when the JSON generator is provided with an oversized streamed object. When streaming to an IO JSON.dump(obj, io) and JSON::State#generate(obj, i…