Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
-
Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
-
Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
-
Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
-
Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
-
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,159 results · Feed
-
Medium 6.2
TaskInfo 8.2.0.280 Denial of Service Buffer Overflow
TaskInfo 8.2.0.280 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to crash the application by supplying oversized input to registration fields. Attackers can paste excessively long strings into the New User Name or New Serial Number text…
-
Medium 6.2
SpotAuditor 3.6.7 Denial of Service Buffer Overflow
SpotAuditor 3.6.7 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability in the Base64 Password Decoder component that allows attackers to crash the application. Attackers can supply an oversized Base64 string through the decoder interface to trigger a denial of serv…
-
Medium 6.2
River Past Ringtone Converter 2.7.6.1601 Buffer Overflow DoS
River Past Ringtone Converter 2.7.6.1601 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to crash the application by supplying oversized input to activation fields. Attackers can paste 300 bytes of data into the Email textbox and Activati…
-
Medium 6.2
Remote Process Explorer 1.0.0.16 Local Buffer Overflow DoS
Remote Process Explorer 1.0.0.16 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to cause a denial of service by sending a crafted payload to the Add Computer dialog. Attackers can paste a malicious string into the computer name textbox a…
-
Medium 6.2
LanHelper 1.74 Denial of Service via Buffer Overflow
LanHelper 1.74 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to crash the application by sending excessively long input strings. Attackers can exploit the Form Send Message feature by pasting 6000 bytes of data into the Message text fie…
-
Medium 6.2
ASPRunner Professional 6.0.766 Local Buffer Overflow DoS
ASPRunner Professional 6.0.766 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to cause a denial of service by supplying an excessively long project name. Attackers can paste 180 or more characters into the Project name field during proje…
-
Medium 5.5
a-Mac Address Change 5.4 Local Buffer Overflow DoS
a-Mac Address Change 5.4 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying oversized input to registration form fields. Attackers can paste 212 bytes of data into the 'Your Name', 'Your Company', …
-
High 8.4
R i386 3.5.0 Local Buffer Overflow SEH
R i386 3.5.0 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability in the GUI Preferences dialog that allows local attackers to trigger a structured exception handler (SEH) overwrite by supplying malicious input. Attackers can craft a payload string in the 'Language…
-
Medium 5.5
IP TOOLS 2.50 Local Buffer Overflow Denial of Service
IP TOOLS 2.50 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability in the SNMP Scanner component that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying oversized input. Attackers can paste malicious data into the 'From Addr' and 'To Addr' fields and trig…
-
High 8.4
10-Strike LANState 8.8 Local Buffer Overflow SEH
10-Strike LANState 8.8 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability in structured exception handling that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by crafting malicious LSM map files. Attackers can create a specially formatted LSM file with a payloa…
-
Critical 9.8
NICO-FTP 3.0.1.19 Buffer Overflow SEH
NICO-FTP 3.0.1.19 contains a structured exception handler buffer overflow vulnerability that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by sending crafted FTP commands. Attackers can connect to the FTP service and send oversized data in response handle…
-
Medium 6.2
Termite 3.4 Denial of Service via Settings Buffer Overflow
Termite 3.4 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the User interface language settings field that allows local attackers to cause a denial of service by supplying an excessively long string. Attackers can paste a 2000-byte payload into the Settings User…
-
Medium 6.2
FTP Voyager 16.2.0 Denial of Service via Malformed Site Profile
FTP Voyager 16.2.0 contains a denial of service vulnerability that allows local attackers to crash the application by injecting oversized buffer data into the site profile IP field. Attackers can create a malicious site profile containing 500 bytes of repeate…
-
High 8.4
Snes9K 0.0.9z Buffer Overflow SEH via Netplay Socket
Snes9K 0.0.9z contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Netplay Socket Port Number field that allows local attackers to trigger a structured exception handler (SEH) overwrite. Attackers can craft a malicious payload and paste it into the Socket Port Num…
-
Medium 6.2
NetSchedScan 1.0 Buffer Overflow Denial of Service
NetSchedScan 1.0 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the scan Hostname/IP field that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an oversized input string. Attackers can paste a crafted payload containing 388 bytes of data followed by…
-
High —
scaly: Multiple soundness issues in Rust safe APIs
Affected versions contain multiple safe APIs that can trigger undefined behavior: - `Array<T>::index` can perform an out-of-bounds read. - `String::get_length` can perform an out-of-bounds read. - `String::append_character` can perform an invalid write. - `St…
-
Medium 6.5
Out-of-bounds write in query processing components in Amazon Athena ODBC driver
Out-of-bounds write in the query processing components in Amazon Athena ODBC driver before 2.1.0.0 might allow a threat actor to crash the driver by using specially crafted data that is processed by the driver during query operations. To remediate this issue,…
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-31402 Public exploit
nfsd: fix heap overflow in NFSv4.0 LOCK replay cache
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfsd: fix heap overflow in NFSv4.0 LOCK replay cache The NFSv4.0 replay cache uses a fixed 112-byte inline buffer (rp_ibuf[NFSD4_REPLAY_ISIZE]) to store encoded operation responses. This size…
-
High 7.5
Swift Crypto: X-Wing HPKE Decapsulation Accepts Malformed Ciphertext Length
A remote attacker can supply a short X-Wing HPKE encapsulated key and trigger an out-of-bounds read in the C decapsulation path, potentially causing a crash or memory disclosure depending on runtime protections. This issue is fixed in swift-crypto version 4.3…
-
Medium 6.3
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.6 and iPadOS 1…
-
Medium 4.3
LibRaw JPEG DHT losslessjpeg.cpp initval out-of-bounds write
A weakness has been identified in LibRaw up to 0.22.0. This impacts the function HuffTable::initval of the file src/decompressors/losslessjpeg.cpp of the component JPEG DHT Parser. This manipulation of the argument bits[] causes out-of-bounds write. It is pos…
-
Medium 6.3
Nothings stb stb_vorbis.c start_decoder out-of-bounds write
A security flaw has been discovered in Nothings stb up to 1.22. This affects the function start_decoder of the file stb_vorbis.c. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds write. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been released to the pu…
-
High 8.4
OpenEXR: integer overflow to OOB write in uncompress_b44_impl()
OpenEXR provides the specification and reference implementation of the EXR file format, an image storage format for the motion picture industry. From version 3.4.0 to before version 3.4.8, a crafted B44 or B44A EXR file can cause an out-of-bounds write in any…
-
Medium 6.5
Cisco Integrated Management Controller Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IMC could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with admin-level privileges to execute arbitrary code as the root user. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied inp…
-
High 7.5
AWS C Event Stream Streaming Decoder Stack Buffer Overflow
Out-of-bounds write in the streaming decoder component in aws-c-event-stream before 0.6.0 might allow a third party operating a server to cause memory corruption leading to arbitrary code execution on a client application that processes crafted event-stream m…
-
Medium 5.9
Out-of-bounds write when rewriting large DNS packets
An attacker might be able to trigger an out-of-bounds write by sending crafted DNS responses to a DNSdist using the DNSQuestion:changeName or DNSResponse:changeName methods in custom Lua code. In some cases the rewritten packet might become larger than the in…
-
High 7.5
Core FTP/SFTP Server 1.2 Denial of Service via Buffer Overflow
Core FTP/SFTP Server 1.2 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to crash the service by supplying an excessively long string in the User domain field. Attackers can paste a malicious payload containing 7000 bytes of data into the domai…
-
Medium 6.2
NetworkActiv Web Server 4.0 Username Field Buffer Overflow DoS
NetworkActiv Web Server 4.0 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the username field of the Security options that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an excessively long string. Attackers can trigger a denial of service by enter…
-
Medium 5.5
Free IP Switcher 3.1 Denial of Service via Computer Name
Free IP Switcher 3.1 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an excessively long string in the Computer Name field. Attackers can paste a malicious payload into the Computer Name input field a…
-
Medium 6.2
NetSetMan 4.7.1 Workgroup Buffer Overflow Denial of Service
NetSetMan 4.7.1 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Workgroup feature that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying oversized input. Attackers can create a malicious configuration file with excessive data and paste it into the …
-
Medium 6.2
FTPShell Server 6.83 Denial of Service via Account Name
FTPShell Server 6.83 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an excessively long string in the account name field. Attackers can trigger a denial of service by pasting a 417-byte payload into …
-
High 8.4
Flat Assembler 1.71.21 Stack-Based Buffer Overflow ROP
Flat Assembler 1.71.21 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying oversized input to the application. Attackers can craft malicious assembly input exceeding 5895 bytes to overwrite t…
-
Critical 9.8
Crashmail 1.6 Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution
Crashmail 1.6 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by sending malicious input to the application. Attackers can craft payloads with ROP chains to achieve code execution in the application …
-
High 8.4
SC v7.16 Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution
SC v7.16 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying oversized input that exceeds buffer boundaries. Attackers can craft malicious input strings exceeding 1052 bytes to overwrite the …
-
Critical 9.8
Bochs 2.6-5 Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution
Bochs 2.6-5 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized input string to the application. Attackers can craft a malicious payload with 1200 bytes of padding followed by a return…
-
Critical 9.8
EChat Server 3.1 Buffer Overflow via chat.ghp username Parameter
EChat Server 3.1 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the chat.ghp endpoint that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized username parameter. Attackers can send a GET request to chat.ghp with a malicious username valu…
-
Critical 9.8
MAWK 1.3.3-17 Stack-Based Buffer Overflow
MAWK 1.3.3-17 and prior contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting inadequate boundary checks on user-supplied input. Attackers can craft malicious input that overflows the stack buffer a…
-
Critical 9.8
JAD 1.5.8e-1kali1 Stack-Based Buffer Overflow
JAD Java Decompiler 1.5.8e-1kali1 and prior contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying overly long input that exceeds buffer boundaries. Attackers can craft malicious input passed to the j…
-
High 8.4
Mapscrn 2.0.3 Stack-Based Buffer Overflow
Mapscrn 2.0.3 contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized input buffer. Attackers can craft a malicious buffer with junk data, return address, NOP instructions, and shell…
-
Critical 9.8
JAD 1.5.8e-1kali1 Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution
JAD 1.5.8e-1kali1 and prior contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying oversized input that exceeds buffer boundaries. Attackers can craft malicious input strings exceeding 8150 bytes to o…