Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,145 results · Feed
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High 7.6
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain, Feature Release versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.8, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through …
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Medium 5.4
Out-of-bounds write vulnerability in Samsung Open Source escargot allows Buffer Manipulation.
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High 8.1
llama.cpp b8841 before b11865 Stack-based Buffer Overflow via ggml-rpc RDMA rdma_recv()
llama.cpp b8841 before b11865 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the ggml-rpc RDMA transport rdma_recv() function that allows unauthenticated peers to overflow the rpc-server stack. Attackers advertising RDMA capabilities in the HELLO message ca…
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High 8.8
Out of bounds write in Metrics in Google Chrome on on Mac prior to 156.0.8078.73 allowed a remote attacker who had comp…
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High 8.8
Out of bounds write in Video in Google Chrome prior to 156.0.8078.73 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary cod…
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Low 2.3
Asterisk: Asterisk app_sms.c copies externally controlled SMS lengths into fixed in-struct buffers
Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, `app_sms.c` copies externally controlled `SMS` lengths into `fixed in-struct buffers`…
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High 8.2
Asterisk: Stack buffer overflow in MWI NOTIFY Message-Account parsing
Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, an unbounded `sscanf` in `res_pjsip_pubsub` when parsing the `MWI NOTIFY` `Message-Ac…
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Medium 6.0
Asterisk: Out-of-Bounds Write in Codec2 Decoder Due to Floor/Ceil Sample Count Mismatch
Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, an authenticated attacker may cause a heap buffer overflow through an out-of-bounds w…
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High 7.1
Asterisk: Stack buffer overflow in res_xmpp XMPP namespace prefix handling
Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, an authenticated attacker may cause a stack buffer overflow in `res_xmpp` `XMPP names…
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Low 2.3
Asterisk: Possible RED T.140 Generation Accumulation OOB Write
Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. In affected deployments, an authenticated attacker may cause a `T.140 RED` out-of-bounds write during `generation accumulation` using carefully crafted packets, potentially allowing rem…
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High 7.5
Asterisk: Stack Buffer Overflow in H.323 ooTrace() via Unbounded vsprintf into Fixed 2048-byte Buffer
Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, a stack buffer overflow in the H.323 `ooTrace()` trace-logging function can occur whe…
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Medium 5.9
Asterisk: chan_unistim DIALPAGE digit handling can overflow phone_number and crash Asterisk
Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, an out-of-bounds write in `chan_unistim` `DIALPAGE` digit handling can overflow the `…
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High 7.7
Asterisk: Heap Buffer Overflow in OGG/Speex File Playback (format_ogg_speex)
Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, an unbounded `memcpy` of `OGG/Speex` packet data in `format_ogg_speex` can cause a he…
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High 7.2
Fireware OS Out-of-Bounds Read in FireCluster Sync Allows Denial of Service
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the FireCluster Sync processing allows an attacker positioned on the cluster interconnect, such as a compromised cluster peer or an on-path network attacker, to repeatedly crash the firewall's cluster synchronization pro…
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High 8.6
Fireware OS Authenticated Stack Buffer Overflow in certd Allows Denial of Service
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Fireware OS certd process allows an authenticated attacker with access to the Firebox management interface to crash the certificate management service and potentially execute arbitrary code by sending a speci…
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Critical 9.2
Fireware OS Heap Buffer Overflow in AD Authentication Service Allows Pre-Authentication Remote Code Execution
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Fireware OS authentication service allows an attacker who controls or intercepts traffic to the configured Active Directory server to create a denial of service condition and potentially execute arbitrary code…
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Critical 9.1
Fireware OS Stack Buffer Overflow in Logging Service Allows Remote Code Execution
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Fireware OS logging service allows a network-adjacent attacker who can impersonate or intercept traffic to the configured log server to execute arbitrary code with root privileges by presenting a specially cr…
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Critical 9.2
Fireware OS Pre-Authentication Integer Overflow in Access Portal Allows Out-of-Bounds Write
An integer overflow vulnerability in the WebSocket connection handling used by WatchGuard Fireware OS's Access Portal allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to write beyond the bounds of a heap buffer by sending a specially crafted request while the Access…
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Critical 9.2
Fireware OS Pre-Authentication Stack Buffer Overflow in SIP Proxy Allows Remote Code Execution
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Fireware OS's SIP proxy allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code by sending a specially crafted request through a policy that uses the SIP proxy.
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Critical 9.5
Fireware OS Stack Buffer Overflow in WireGuard Configuration Allows Remote Code Execution
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Fireware OS's WireGuard configuration processing allows a remote attacker that has man-in-the-middle TLS-decrypted access between the Firebox and WatchGuard Cloud to create a Denial of Service condition and poten…
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Low 1.9
Out-of-bounds write vulnerability in QTextCodec iconv-based encoding impacts Qt
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the Qt QTextCodec iconv-based encoding of the Qt 5 Compatibility APIs module (Qt Core in Qt 5 and earlier) impacts Qt. Under certain conditions, encoding text with QTextCodec may write outside an internal buffer. This c…
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High 7.8
NVIDIA PhysX for all platforms contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause an out-of-bounds write. A success…
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Critical 9.4
Out-of-bounds Write Vulnerability in JP1 Products
Out-of-bounds Write Vulnerability in JP1 Products. This issue affects JP1/Integrated Management 3 - Manager: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Agent…
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Medium 6.1
DevilutionX 1.4.0 through 1.5.5 Heap Buffer Overflow via libmpq__archive_dup
DevilutionX 1.4.0 through 1.5.5 contains a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in the bundled libmpq libmpq__archive_dup routine when opening crafted MPQ archives. Attackers can supply an MPQ archive whose block table count exceeds its hash table count, causin…
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Medium 6.5
Speex through 1.2.1 Out-of-Bounds Write via speex_bits_read_whole_bytes
Speex (libspeex) through 1.2.1 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in speex_bits_read_whole_bytes() in libspeex/bits.c that mishandles length truncation for non-owned SpeexBits buffers. Attackers can stream crafted Speex data into buffers set up wit…
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Medium 5.9
snappy-java: JVM crash from unchecked ranges in Snappy.arrayCopy and SnappyOutputStream.rawWrite
snappy-java is a Java port of the snappy, a fast C++ compresser/decompresser developed by Google. Prior to 1.1.10.9, Snappy.arrayCopy(Object src, int offset, int byteLength, Object dest, int destOffset) passes caller-supplied ranges to native memcpy without v…
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS 26.7.2, iOS…
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High 7.1
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7 and iPadOS 2…
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High 7.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS…
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Medium 6.5
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27.2…
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Critical 9.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27.2…
-
High 7.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27.2…
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High 7.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS …
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High 7.5CVE-2026-112621 Public exploit
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in Safari 27.2, iOS 26.7.…
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Critical 9.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27, …
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High 7.5
An out-of-bounds write was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS 26.7.…
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High 8.0
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS 26…
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High 7.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS …
-
Medium 5.5
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS …
-
High 7.8
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Golden Gate 27.2…