Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,177 results · Feed
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High 7.5
Mikrotik RouterOS RADVD Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Mikrotik RouterOS RADVD Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Mikrotik RouterOS. Authentication is not required to exploit this vuln…
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High 7.8
Sante DICOM Viewer Pro DCM File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Sante DICOM Viewer Pro DCM File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sante DICOM Viewer Pro. User interaction is required to exploit …
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High 7.8
Sante DICOM Viewer Pro J2K File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Sante DICOM Viewer Pro J2K File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sante DICOM Viewer Pro. User interaction is required to exploit …
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High 7.8
Sante DICOM Viewer Pro DCM File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Sante DICOM Viewer Pro DCM File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sante DICOM Viewer Pro. User interaction is required to exploit …
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High 7.8
PDF-XChange Editor PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
PDF-XChange Editor PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vul…
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High 7.8
PDF-XChange Editor PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
PDF-XChange Editor PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vul…
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High 7.8
PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vul…
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High 7.8
PDF-XChange Editor TIF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
PDF-XChange Editor TIF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vul…
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High 7.8
PDF-XChange Editor PNG File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
PDF-XChange Editor PNG File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vul…
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High 7.8
PDF-XChange Editor PNG File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
PDF-XChange Editor PNG File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vul…
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High 7.5
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IP Phone firmware could allow an unauthenticated, remote…
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Medium 5.9
A vulnerability in the XML service of Cisco IP Phone firmware could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to initia…
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High 7.8
libbpf: Use OPTS_SET() macro in bpf_xdp_query()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: libbpf: Use OPTS_SET() macro in bpf_xdp_query() When the feature_flags and xdp_zc_max_segs fields were added to the libbpf bpf_xdp_query_opts, the code writing them did not use the OPTS_SET()…
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Medium 5.5
lunasvg v2.3.9 was discovered to contain a stack-overflow at lunasvg/source/element.h.
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High 8.1
Open Networking Foundation SD-RAN ONOS onos-lib-go 0.10.25 allows an index out-of-range condition in parseAlignBits.
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Medium 6.5
Open Networking Foundation SD-RAN ONOS onos-kpimon 0.4.7 allows blocking of the errCh channel within the Start function…
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High 8.1
Open Networking Foundation SD-RAN onos-kpimon 0.4.7 allows out-of-bounds array access in the processIndicationFormat1 f…
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Medium 6.3
An issue was discovered in PnpSmm in Insyde InsydeH2O with kernel 5.0 through 5.6. There is a possible out-of-bounds ac…
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Low 2.9
Out-of-bounds array write in Xpdf 4.05 due to incorrect bounds check
Out-of-bounds array write in Xpdf 4.05 and earlier, triggered by an invalid character code in a Type 1 font. The root problem was a bounds check that was being optimized away by modern compilers.
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Medium 5.3
An out of bounds write vulnerability in the AMD Radeon™ user mode driver for DirectX® 11 could allow an attacker with a…
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Medium 5.3
An out of bounds write vulnerability in the AMD Radeon™ user mode driver for DirectX® 11 could allow an attacker with a…
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Critical 9.8
FreeRDP Integer overflow & OutOfBound Write in clear_decompress_residual_data
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. FreeRDP based clients using a version of FreeRDP prior to 3.5.0 or 2.11.6 are vulnerable to integer overflow and out-of-bounds write. Versions 3.5.0 and 2.11.6 patch the issue. As a workaround, …
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Low 2.9
Out-of-bounds stack array write in Xpdf 4.05 due to missing zero check
Out-of-bounds array write in Xpdf 4.05 and earlier, triggered by long Unicode sequence in ActualText.
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High 7.3
The iconv() function in the GNU C Library versions 2.39 and older may overflow the output buffer passed to it by up to …
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Medium 5.9
Server communication with a controller can lead to remote code execution using a specially crafted message from the con…
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Medium 5.9
Server information leak for the CDA Server process memory can occur when an error is generated in response to a special…
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High 8.8
Out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in KV STUDIO Ver.11.64 and earlier, KV REPLAY VIEWER Ver.2.64 and earlier, and…
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High 7.8
Adobe Illustrator 2023 CC 27.7 Memory Corruption Out-Of-Bounds-Write Vulnerability III.
Illustrator versions 28.3, 27.9.2 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must ope…
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High 7.8
Adobe Illustrator 2024 GIF file parsing Out-Of-Bound Write remote code execution vulnerabiity
Illustrator versions 28.3, 27.9.2 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must ope…
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High 8.1
Out of bounds memory access in Compositing in Google Chrome prior to 123.0.6312.122 allowed a remote attacker who had c…
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Medium 4.7
Dell BIOS contains an Out-of-Bounds Write vulnerability. A local authenticated malicious user with admin privileges cou…
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High 7.5
Out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the RSMC module. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability will affect…
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High 7.8
In ril service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial …
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Medium 5.5
In ril service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial …
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Medium 4.4
In ril service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial …
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Medium 5.5
In ril service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial …
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Medium 5.6
In ril service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial …
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Medium 6.7
A potential memory leakage vulnerability was reported in some Lenovo Notebook products that may allow a local attacker …
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High 7.8
In tmu_set_tr_num_thresholds of tmu.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This coul…
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High 7.7
In tmu_set_control_temp_step of tmu.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This coul…