Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,181 results · Feed
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formNtp.
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formMapDelDevi…
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High 8.8
TP-LINK TL-WR886N V7.0_3.0.14_Build_221115_Rel.56908n.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function l…
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High 8.8
TP-LINK TL-WR886N V7.0_3.0.14_Build_221115_Rel.56908n.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function u…
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High 8.8
TP-LINK TL-WR886N V7.0_3.0.14_Build_221115_Rel.56908n.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function m…
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High 8.8
TP-LINK TL-WR886N V7.0_3.0.14_Build_221115_Rel.56908n.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function g…
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High 8.8
TP-LINK TL-WR886N V7.0_3.0.14_Build_221115_Rel.56908n.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function R…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formMultiAPVLA…
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High 8.8
TP-LINK TL-WR886N V7.0_3.0.14_Build_221115_Rel.56908n.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function c…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formPortFw.
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formMeshUpload…
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High 8.8
TP-LINK TL-WR886N V7.0_3.0.14_Build_221115_Rel.56908n.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function g…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formFilter.
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High 8.8
TP-LINK TL-WR886N V7.0_3.0.14_Build_221115_Rel.56908n.bin was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function u…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formWlSiteSurv…
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High 8.8
TP-LINK device TL-WR886N V7.0_3.0.14_Build_221115_Rel.56908n.bin and TL-WDR7660 2.0.30 were discovered to contain a sta…
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High 8.8
TP-LINK TL-WR886N V7.0_3.0.14_Build_221115_Rel.56908n.bin and TL-WDR7660 2.0.30 was discovered to contain a stack overf…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formIpv6Setup.
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formWirelessTb…
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High 8.0CVE-2023-46136 Public exploit
Werkzeug vulnerable to high resource usage when parsing multipart/form-data containing a large part with CR/LF character at the beginning
Werkzeug is a comprehensive WSGI web application library. In versions on the 3.x branch prior to 3.0.1 and on the 2.x branch prior to 2.3.8, if an upload of a file that starts with CR or LF and then is followed by megabytes of data without these characters: a…
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High 7.8CVE-2022-3699 Public exploit
A privilege escalation vulnerability was reported in the Lenovo HardwareScanPlugin prior to version 1.3.1.2 and Lenovo …
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Critical 9.8
Tenda W18E V16.01.0.8(1576) contains a stack overflow vulnerability via the portMirrorMirroredPorts parameter in the fo…
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High 7.3
Out of bounds heap buffer write in stb_vorbis
stb_vorbis is a single file MIT licensed library for processing ogg vorbis files. A crafted file may trigger memory write past an allocated heap buffer in `start_decoder`. The root cause is a potential integer overflow in `sizeof(char*) * (f->comment_list_len…
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Medium 6.5
Off-by-one heap buffer write in start_decoder in stb_vorbis
stb_vorbis is a single file MIT licensed library for processing ogg vorbis files. A crafted file may trigger out of buffer write in `start_decoder` because at maximum `m->submaps` can be 16 but `submap_floor` and `submap_residue` are declared as arrays of 15 …
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High 7.3
Heap buffer out of bounds write in start_decoder in stb_vorbis
stb_vorbis is a single file MIT licensed library for processing ogg vorbis files. A crafted file may trigger out of bounds write in `f->vendor[len] = (char)'\0';`. The root cause is that if `len` read in `start_decoder` is a negative number and `setup_malloc`…
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High 7.3
Multi-byte write heap buffer overflow in start_decoder in stb_vorbis
stb_vorbis is a single file MIT licensed library for processing ogg vorbis files. A crafted file may trigger out of bounds write in `f->vendor[i] = get8_packet(f);`. The root cause is an integer overflow in `setup_malloc`. A sufficiently large value in the va…
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Medium 6.5
0 byte write heap buffer overflow in start_decoder in stb_vorbis
stb_vorbis is a single file MIT licensed library for processing ogg vorbis files. A crafted file may trigger out of bounds write in `f->vendor[len] = (char)'\0';`. The root cause is that if the len read in `start_decoder` is `-1` and `len + 1` becomes 0 when …
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High 7.7
Integer overflow in Silicon Labs Gecko Bootloader leads to unbounded memory access
An integer overflow in Silicon Labs Gecko Bootloader version 4.3.1 and earlier allows unbounded memory access when reading from or writing to storage slots.
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High 7.8
Santesoft Sante DICOM Viewer Pro Out-of-bounds Write
Sante DICOM Viewer Pro lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing DICOM files. This could lead to an out-of-bounds write. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
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High 8.8
This flaw makes curl overflow a heap based buffer in the SOCKS5 proxy handshake. When curl is asked to pass along the h…
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High 7.5
TOTOLINK X5000R V9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 and TOTOLINK A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 were discovered to contain a stack ov…
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High 7.5
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: An rpd crash may occur when BGP is processing newly learned routes
An Out-of-Bounds Write vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS). On all Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved devices an r…
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Medium 5.5
Junos OS : Stack overflow vulnerability in CLI command processing
A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the CLI command of Juniper Networks Junos OS allows a low privileged attacker to execute a specific CLI commands leading to Denial of Service. Repeated actions by the attacker will create a sustained Denial of Se…
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Medium 5.5
Junos OS : Stack overflow vulnerability in CLI command processing
A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the CLI command of Juniper Networks Junos OS allows a low privileged attacker to execute a specific CLI commands leading to Denial of Service. Repeated actions by the attacker will create a sustained Denial of Se…
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Medium 5.5
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: Stack overflow vulnerability in CLI command processing
A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the CLI command of Juniper Networks Junos and Junos EVO allows a low privileged attacker to execute a specific CLI commands leading to Denial of Service. Repeated actions by the attacker will create a sustained D…
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High 8.8
Heap buffer overflow in PDF in Google Chrome prior to 118.0.5993.70 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to e…
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Medium 6.5
Libx11: out-of-bounds memory access in _xkbreadkeysyms()
A vulnerability was found in libX11 due to a boundary condition within the _XkbReadKeySyms() function. This flaw allows a local user to trigger an out-of-bounds read error and read the contents of memory on the system.
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High 7.8
A vulnerability has been identified in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation V2201 (All versions < V2201.0009), Tecnomatix Plant …
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High 7.8
A vulnerability has been identified in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation V2201 (All versions < V2201.0009), Tecnomatix Plant …
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High 7.8
A vulnerability has been identified in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation V2201 (All versions < V2201.0009), Tecnomatix Plant …