Weakness (CWE)
CWE-88: Argument Injection
The product constructs a string for a command to be executed by a separate component
in another control sphere, but it does not properly delimit the
intended arguments, options, or switches within that command string.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Implementation
Where possible, avoid building a single string that contains the command and its arguments. Some languages or frameworks have functions that support specifying independent arguments, e.g. as an array, which is used to automatically perform the appropriate quoting or escaping while building the command. For example, in PHP, escapeshellarg() can be used to escape a single argument to system(), or exec() can be called with an array of arguments. In C, code can often be refactored from using system() - which accepts a single string - to using exec(), which requires separate function arguments for each parameter.
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Architecture and Design
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your product: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, request headers as well as content, URL components, e-mail, files, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Perform input validation at well-defined interfaces.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Implementation
Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
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Implementation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
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Implementation
When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.
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Implementation
When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
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Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Source: MITRE CWE-88
104 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 4.0
An improper neutralization of argument delimiters in a command ('argument injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiDe…
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Medium 6.8
A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000 (All versions < V2.17.1), RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000RE (All versi…
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Medium 6.5
Hex-Rays IDA Pro 9.2 and 9.3 before 9.3sp2 does not block Clang dependency-file generation (via argument injection), wh…
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Medium 6.3
PrefectHQ prefect GitRepository Pull storage.py argument injection
A vulnerability was found in PrefectHQ prefect up to 3.6.25.dev6. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file src/prefect/runner/storage.py of the component GitRepository Pull Handler. The manipulation of the argument commit_sha/directori…
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Medium 6.5
AWS EFS CSI Driver Mount Option Injection
Improper neutralization of argument delimiters in the volume handling component in AWS EFS CSI Driver (aws-efs-csi-driver) before v3.0.1 allows remote authenticated users with PersistentVolume creation permissions to inject arbitrary mount options via comma i…
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Medium 6.7
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain, versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.6.0.0 and version 8.7.0.0, LTS2025 release versions 8.3.1.0 t…
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Medium —
skilleton has improper input handling in repository/path processing
## Summary `skilleton` versions prior to `0.3.1` include security-related weaknesses in repository normalization and path handling logic. Version `0.3.1` contains fixes and additional test coverage for these issues. ## Affected Versions `<0.3.1` ## Patched Ve…
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Medium 6.1
Agent 2 Docker plugin arbitrary file read via Docker API injection
Zabbix Agent 2 Docker plugin does not properly sanitize the 'docker.container_info' parameters when forwarding them to the Docker daemon. An attacker capable of invoking Agent 2 can read arbitrary files from running Docker containers by injecting them via the…
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Medium 5.4
gethostbyaddr and gethostbyaddr_r return invalid DNS hostnames
Calling gethostbyaddr or gethostbyaddr_r with a configured nsswitch.conf that specifies the library's DNS backend in the GNU C library version 2.34 to version 2.43 could result in an invalid DNS hostname being returned to the caller in violation of the DNS sp…
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Medium 6.7
OpenClaw 2026.3.1 < 2026.3.2 - Approval Integrity Bypass via system.run argv Rewriting
OpenClaw 2026.3.1 contains an approval integrity vulnerability in system.run node-host execution where argv rewriting changes command semantics. Attackers can place malicious local scripts in the working directory to execute unintended code despite operator a…
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Medium 6.5
OpenClaw < 2026.2.21 - Command Injection via cmd.exe /c Trailing Arguments in system.run
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.21 contain an approval-integrity mismatch vulnerability in system.run that allows authenticated operators to execute arbitrary trailing arguments after cmd.exe /c while approval text reflects only a benign command. Attackers …
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Medium 5.5
An input validation vulnerability was reported in the LenovoProductivitySystemAddin used in Lenovo Vantage and Lenovo B…
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Medium 6.0
An improper neutralization of argument delimiters in a command ('argument injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiDe…
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Medium 6.3
welovemedia FFmate ffmpeg.go Execute argument injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in welovemedia FFmate up to 2.0.15. This vulnerability affects the function Execute of the file /internal/service/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.go. The manipulation leads to argument injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. …
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Medium 6.0
A vulnerability in the Cisco FXOS Software CLI feature for Cisco Secure Firewall ASA Software and Secure FTD Software c…
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Medium 6.0
Cisco Secure FTD Software Authenticated Command Injection Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco Secure FTD Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as root. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid administrative credentia…
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Medium 6.6CVE-2026-24126 Public exploit
Weblate has an argument injection in management console
Weblate is a web based localization tool. Prior to 5.16.0, the SSH management console did not validate the passed input while adding the SSH host key, which could lead to an argument injection to `ssh-add`. Version 5.16.0 fixes the issue. As a workaround, pro…
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Medium 6.7
Tanium addressed a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Tanium Server.
Tanium addressed a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Tanium Server.
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Medium 6.7
Tanium addressed a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Tanium Module Server.
Tanium addressed a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Tanium Module Server.
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Medium 6.3
Symfony has incorrect argument escaping under MSYS2/Git Bash on Windows that can lead to destructive file operations
Symfony is a PHP framework for web and console applications and a set of reusable PHP components. Prior to versions 5.4.51, 6.4.33, 7.3.11, 7.4.5, and 8.0.5, the Symfony Process component did not correctly treat some characters (notably `=`) as “special” when…
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Medium 6.9
Local users can perform arbitrary unmounts via smb4k mount helper due to lack of input validation
An Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection') vulnerability allows local users ton perform arbitrary unmounts via smb4k mount helper
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Medium 4.8
Libnbd: libnbd: arbitrary code execution via ssh argument injection through a malicious uri
A flaw was found in libnbd. A malicious actor could exploit this by convincing libnbd to open a specially crafted Uniform Resource Identifier (URI). This vulnerability arises because non-standard hostnames starting with '-o' are incorrectly interpreted as arg…
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Medium 6.3
mcp-server-git argument injection in git_diff and git_checkout functions allows overwriting local files
In mcp-server-git versions prior to 2025.12.17, the git_diff and git_checkout functions passed user-controlled arguments directly to git CLI commands without sanitization. Flag-like values (e.g., `--output=/path/to/file` for `git_diff`) would be interpreted a…
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Medium 6.6
QTS, QuTS hero
An improper neutralization of argument delimiters in a command vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. The remote attackers can then exploit the vulnerability to alter execution logic. We have already fixed the vulner…
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Medium 6.7
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain with Data Domain Operating System (DD OS) of Feature Release versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.1…
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Medium 4.3
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain with Data Domain Operating System (DD OS) of Feature Release versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.3…
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Medium 5.3
@conventional-changelog/git-client has an Argument Injection vulnerability
Conventional Changelog generates changelogs and release notes from a project's commit messages and metadata. Prior to version 2.0.0, @conventional-changelog/git-client has an argument injection vulnerability. This vulnerability manifests with the library's ge…
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Medium 6.9
Argument Injection Vulnerability in CommServe
A security vulnerability has been identified that allows remote attackers to inject or manipulate command-line arguments passed to internal components due to insufficient input validation. Successful exploitation results in a valid user session for a low priv…
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Medium 4.1
gix-transport code execution vulnerability
The gix-transport crate before 0.36.1 for Rust allows command execution via the "gix clone 'ssh://-oProxyCommand=open$IFS" substring. NOTE: this was discovered before CVE-2024-32884, a similar vulnerability (involving a username field) that is more difficult …
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Medium 6.5
Advantech iView Argument Injection
A vulnerability exists in Advantech iView that allows for argument injection in the NetworkServlet.restoreDatabase(). This issue requires an authenticated attacker with at least user-level privileges. An input parameter can be used directly in a command witho…
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Medium 6.5
Advantech iView Argument Injection
A vulnerability exists in Advantech iView that allows for argument injection in NetworkServlet.backupDatabase(). This issue requires an authenticated attacker with at least user-level privileges. Certain parameters can be used directly in a command without pr…
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Medium 4.4
Vim vulnerable to potential data loss with zip.vim and special crafted zip files
Vim, a text editor, is vulnerable to potential data loss with zip.vim and special crafted zip files in versions prior to 9.1.1198. The impact is medium because a user must be made to view such an archive with Vim and then press 'x' on such a strange filename.…
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Medium 6.3
Improper neutralization of argument delimiters in a command ('Argument Injection') issue exists in Defense Platform Hom…
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Medium 6.5CVE-2022-31749 Public exploit
Authenticated arbitrary file read/write in WatchGuard Fireware OS
An argument injection vulnerability in the diagnose and import pac commands in WatchGuard Fireware OS before 12.8.1, 12.1.4, and 12.5.10 allows an authenticated remote attacker with unprivileged credentials to upload or read files to limited, arbitrary locati…
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Medium 6.5
Cisco SD-WAN vManage Command Injection Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web UI of Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to inject arbitrary commands on an affected system and cause a denial of service (DoS) condition. This vulnerability is due to improper input val…
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Medium 6.5CVE-2024-21533 Public exploit
ggit is vulnerable to Arbitrary Argument Injection via the clone() API
All versions of the package ggit are vulnerable to Arbitrary Argument Injection via the clone() API, which allows specifying the remote URL to clone and the file on disk to clone to. The library does not sanitize for user input or validate a given URL scheme,…
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Medium 5.5
Cisco Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller REST API Command Injection Vulnerability
A vulnerability in Cisco Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller (NDFC), formerly Cisco Data Center Network Manager (DCNM), could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with network-admin privileges to perform a command injection attack against an affected device.…
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Medium 6.3
XZ Utils on Microsoft Windows platform are vulnerable to argument injection
XZ Utils provide a general-purpose data-compression library plus command-line tools. When built for native Windows (MinGW-w64 or MSVC), the command line tools from XZ Utils 5.6.2 and older have a command line argument injection vulnerability. If a command lin…
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Medium 5.3
git-shallow-clone Argument Injection vulnerability
All versions of the package git-shallow-clone are vulnerable to Command injection due to missing sanitization or mitigation flags in the process variable of the gitShallowClone function.
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Medium 5.3
Relevanssi Live Ajax Search <= 2.4 - Unauthenticated WP_Query Argument Injection
The Relevanssi Live Ajax Search plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to argument injection in all versions up to, and including, 2.4. This is due to insufficient validation of input supplied via POST data in the 'search' function. This makes it possible for una…