Weakness (CWE)
CWE-88: Argument Injection
The product constructs a string for a command to be executed by a separate component
in another control sphere, but it does not properly delimit the
intended arguments, options, or switches within that command string.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Implementation
Where possible, avoid building a single string that contains the command and its arguments. Some languages or frameworks have functions that support specifying independent arguments, e.g. as an array, which is used to automatically perform the appropriate quoting or escaping while building the command. For example, in PHP, escapeshellarg() can be used to escape a single argument to system(), or exec() can be called with an array of arguments. In C, code can often be refactored from using system() - which accepts a single string - to using exec(), which requires separate function arguments for each parameter.
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Architecture and Design
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your product: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, request headers as well as content, URL components, e-mail, files, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Perform input validation at well-defined interfaces.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Implementation
Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
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Implementation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
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Implementation
When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.
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Implementation
When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
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Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Source: MITRE CWE-88
433 results · Feed
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Medium 6.0
A vulnerability in the Cisco FXOS Software CLI feature for Cisco Secure Firewall ASA Software and Secure FTD Software c…
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Medium 6.0
Cisco Secure FTD Software Authenticated Command Injection Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco Secure FTD Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as root. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid administrative credentia…
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High 7.5
An Argument Injection vulnerability exists in bird-lg-go before commit 6187a4e. The traceroute module uses shlex.Split …
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Critical 9.4
Group-Office Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE)
Group-Office is an enterprise customer relationship management and groupware tool. Versions prior to 26.0.9, 25.0.87, and 6.8.154 have an authenticated Remote Code Execution vulnerability in the TNEF attachment processing flow. The vulnerable path extracts at…
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Critical 10.0
CGI Parameter Injection (Bypass of STRICT_CGI_PARAMS and EscapeShellParam)
TinyWeb is a web server (HTTP, HTTPS) written in Delphi for Win32. A vulnerability in versions prior to 2.01 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to bypass the web server's CGI parameter security controls. Depending on the server configuration and the spec…
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Critical 9.2
api-gateway-deploy Affected by Exploitable Command Injection via Unprivileged Root Execution
bleon-ethical/api-gateway-deploy provides API gateway deployment. Version 1.0.0 is vulnerable to an attack chain involving OS Command Injection and Privilege Escalation. This allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges within the con…
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Medium 6.6CVE-2026-24126 Public exploit
Weblate has an argument injection in management console
Weblate is a web based localization tool. Prior to 5.16.0, the SSH management console did not validate the passed input while adding the SSH host key, which could lead to an argument injection to `ssh-add`. Version 5.16.0 fixes the issue. As a workaround, pro…
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Medium 6.7
Tanium addressed a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Tanium Server.
Tanium addressed a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Tanium Server.
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Medium 6.7
Tanium addressed a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Tanium Module Server.
Tanium addressed a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Tanium Module Server.
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Critical 9.4
Group-Office Argument Injection in MaintenanceController::actionZipLanguage
Group-Office is an enterprise customer relationship management and groupware tool. Prior to 6.8.150, 25.0.82, and 26.0.5, the MaintenanceController exposes an action zipLanguage which takes a lang parameter and passes it directly to a system zip command via e…
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Critical 9.2CVE-2025-24293 Public exploit
Active Storage allowed transformation methods that were potentially unsafe
# Active Storage allowed transformation methods potentially unsafe Active Storage attempts to prevent the use of potentially unsafe image transformation methods and parameters by default. The default allowed list contains three methods allow for the circumven…
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Medium 6.3
Symfony has incorrect argument escaping under MSYS2/Git Bash on Windows that can lead to destructive file operations
Symfony is a PHP framework for web and console applications and a set of reusable PHP components. Prior to versions 5.4.51, 6.4.33, 7.3.11, 7.4.5, and 8.0.5, the Symfony Process component did not correctly treat some characters (notably `=`) as “special” when…
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High 7.8
Arbitrary file write using cgo pkg-config directive in cmd/go
Building a malicious file with cmd/go can cause can cause a write to an attacker-controlled file with partial control of the file content. The "#cgo pkg-config:" directive in a Go source file provides command-line arguments to provide to the Go pkg-config com…
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Critical 9.8
Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection') vulnerability in Salesforce Marketin…
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Critical 9.8
Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection') vulnerability in Salesforce Marketin…
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High 8.8
WatchYourLAN Configuration Page Argument Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
WatchYourLAN Configuration Page Argument Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of WatchYourLAN. Authentication is not required to exploit this vu…
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Critical 9.8
telnetd in GNU Inetutils through 2.7 allows remote authentication bypass via a "-f root" value for the USER environment…
KEV Jan 26, 2026 -
High 7.0
A crafted "interface" input parameter can lead to integrity loss of the firewall configuration
A Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters vulnerability in Foomuuri can lead to integrity loss of the firewall configuration or further unspecified impact by manipulating the JSON configuration passed to `nft`. This issue affects Foomuuri: from ? befor…
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Medium 6.9
Local users can perform arbitrary unmounts via smb4k mount helper due to lack of input validation
An Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection') vulnerability allows local users ton perform arbitrary unmounts via smb4k mount helper
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Medium 4.8
Libnbd: libnbd: arbitrary code execution via ssh argument injection through a malicious uri
A flaw was found in libnbd. A malicious actor could exploit this by convincing libnbd to open a specially crafted Uniform Resource Identifier (URI). This vulnerability arises because non-standard hostnames starting with '-o' are incorrectly interpreted as arg…
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Medium 6.3
mcp-server-git argument injection in git_diff and git_checkout functions allows overwriting local files
In mcp-server-git versions prior to 2025.12.17, the git_diff and git_checkout functions passed user-controlled arguments directly to git CLI commands without sanitization. Flag-like values (e.g., `--output=/path/to/file` for `git_diff`) would be interpreted a…
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Medium 6.6
QTS, QuTS hero
An improper neutralization of argument delimiters in a command vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. The remote attackers can then exploit the vulnerability to alter execution logic. We have already fixed the vulner…
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High 8.7
Easywall 0.3.1 - Authenticated Command Injection in /ports-save Endpoint
Easywall 0.3.1 allows authenticated remote command execution via a command injection vulnerability in the /ports-save endpoint that suffers from a parameter injection flaw. Attackers can inject shell metacharacters to execute arbitrary commands on the server.
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High 8.6
Cloudinary Node SDK is vulnerable to Arbitrary Argument Injection through parameters that include an ampersand
Versions of the package cloudinary before 2.7.0 are vulnerable to Arbitrary Argument Injection due to improper parsing of parameter values containing an ampersand. An attacker can inject additional, unintended parameters. This could lead to a variety of malic…
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High 8.8
IDIS ICM Viewer Argument Injection
An argument injection vulnerability exists in the affected product that could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code within the context of the host machine.
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Low —
tracexec has `env` command argument injection via environment variables starting with dash in traced exec events
### Impact For tracexec's command line reconstruction feature, when a traced process executes another process with a environment variable where the key starts with a dash, tracexec incorrectly shows its commandline where such environment variables could cause…
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Medium 6.7
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain with Data Domain Operating System (DD OS) of Feature Release versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.1…
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Medium 4.3
Dell PowerProtect Data Domain with Data Domain Operating System (DD OS) of Feature Release versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.3…
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High 7.4CVE-2025-59489 Public exploit
Unity Runtime before 2025-10-02 on Android, Windows, macOS, and Linux allows argument injection that can result in load…
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High 8.2
go-mail has insufficient address encoding when passing mail addresses to the SMTP client
go-mail is a comprehensive library for sending mails with Go. In versions 0.7.0 and below, due to incorrect handling of the mail.Address values when a sender- or recipient address is passed to the corresponding MAIL FROM or RCPT TO commands of the SMTP client…
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Medium 5.3
@conventional-changelog/git-client has an Argument Injection vulnerability
Conventional Changelog generates changelogs and release notes from a project's commit messages and metadata. Prior to version 2.0.0, @conventional-changelog/git-client has an argument injection vulnerability. This vulnerability manifests with the library's ge…
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High 8.6
Privilege escalation via SCP login
Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection') vulnerability in CRESTRON TOUCHSCREENS x70 allows Argument Injection.This issue affects TOUCHSCREENS x70: from 3.001.0031.001 through 3.001.0034.001. A specially crafted SCP co…
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High 8.4
Dell ThinOS 10, versions prior to 2508_10.0127, contains an Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command…
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Medium 6.9
Argument Injection Vulnerability in CommServe
A security vulnerability has been identified that allows remote attackers to inject or manipulate command-line arguments passed to internal components due to insufficient input validation. Successful exploitation results in a valid user session for a low priv…
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Medium 4.1
gix-transport code execution vulnerability
The gix-transport crate before 0.36.1 for Rust allows command execution via the "gix clone 'ssh://-oProxyCommand=open$IFS" substring. NOTE: this was discovered before CVE-2024-32884, a similar vulnerability (involving a username field) that is more difficult …
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High 7.8
An improper validation vulnerability was reported in Lenovo Vantage that under certain conditions could allow a local a…
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High 7.8
An improper validation vulnerability was reported in Lenovo Vantage that under certain conditions could allow a local a…
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Medium 6.5
Advantech iView Argument Injection
A vulnerability exists in Advantech iView that allows for argument injection in the NetworkServlet.restoreDatabase(). This issue requires an authenticated attacker with at least user-level privileges. An input parameter can be used directly in a command witho…
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Medium 6.5
Advantech iView Argument Injection
A vulnerability exists in Advantech iView that allows for argument injection in NetworkServlet.backupDatabase(). This issue requires an authenticated attacker with at least user-level privileges. Certain parameters can be used directly in a command without pr…
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High 7.8
Kubernetes Headlamp Allows Arbitrary Command Injection in macOS Process headlamp@codeSign
Headlamp is an extensible Kubernetes web UI. A command injection vulnerability was discovered in the codeSign.js script used in the macOS packaging workflow of the Kubernetes Headlamp project. This issue arises due to the improper use of Node.js's execSync() …