Weakness (CWE)
CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-119
3,733 results · Feed
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High 8.8
Tenda AC20 formSetVirtualSer save_virtualser_data stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC20 16.03.08.12. This vulnerability affects the function save_virtualser_data of the file /goform/formSetVirtualSer. The manipulation of the argument list leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated re…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC20 SetNetControlList Endpoint set_qosMib_list stack-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Tenda AC20 16.03.08.12. This affects the function set_qosMib_list of the file /goform/SetNetControlList of the component SetNetControlList Endpoint. The manipulation of the argument list leads to stack-based buffer overflow. …
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High 7.3
z2d OOB drawing with new multi-sample anti-aliasing could lead to invalid memory access and corruption
z2d is a pure Zig 2D graphics library. z2d v0.7.0 released with a new multi-sample anti-aliasing (MSAA) method, which uses a new buffering mechanism for storing coverage data. This differs from the standard alpha mask surface used for the previous super-sampl…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC20 setMacFilterCfg sub_46A2AC stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda AC20 16.03.08.12. This issue affects the function sub_46A2AC of the file /goform/setMacFilterCfg. The manipulation of the argument deviceList leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. T…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC7/AC18 SetLEDCfg formSetSchedLed buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Tenda AC7 and AC18 15.03.05.19/15.03.06.44. Affected is the function formSetSchedLed of the file /goform/SetLEDCfg. The manipulation of the argument Time leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely.…
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Medium 4.5
PX4 PX4-Autopilot Mavlink Shell Closing mavlink_receiver.cpp handle_message_serial_control use after free
A vulnerability was found in PX4 PX4-Autopilot up to 1.15.4. This issue affects the function MavlinkReceiver::handle_message_serial_control of the file src/modules/mavlink/mavlink_receiver.cpp of the component Mavlink Shell Closing Handler. The manipulation o…
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Low 3.1
tcpreplay tcpprep cidr.c mask_cidr6 heap-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in tcpreplay 4.5.1. This vulnerability affects the function mask_cidr6 of the file cidr.c of the component tcpprep. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The complexity of an…
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High 8.8
Tenda CH22 editFileName formeditFileName buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Tenda CH22 1.0.0.1. Affected by this issue is the function formeditFileName of the file /goform/editFileName. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to t…
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High 8.8
Tenda CH22 delFileName formdelFileName buffer overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda CH22 1.0.0.1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formdelFileName of the file /goform/delFileName. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclose…
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Medium 5.3
LemonOS HTTP Client main.cpp HTTPGet stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in LemonOS up to nightly-2024-07-12 on LemonOS. Affected by this issue is the function HTTPGet of the file /Applications/Steal/main.cpp of the component HTTP Client. The manipulation of the argument chunkSize leads to stack-base…
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Medium 5.3
code-projects Hostel Management System Login Form hostel_manage.exe stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Hostel Management System 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file hostel_manage.exe of the component Login Form. The manipulation of the argument uname leads to stack-based buffer o…
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Low 3.3
LibTIFF tiffcrop tiffcrop.c main memory corruption
A weakness has been identified in LibTIFF 4.7.0. This affects the function main of the file tiffcrop.c of the component tiffcrop. Executing manipulation can lead to memory corruption. The attack can only be executed locally. The exploit has been made availabl…
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High 8.8
Tenda TX3 fast_setting_wifi_set stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda TX3 16.03.13.11_multi_TDE01. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /goform/fast_setting_wifi_set. The manipulation of the argument ssid leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack c…
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High 7.2
D-Link DIR-825 httpd ping_response.cgi get_ping_app_stat stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in D-Link DIR-825 2.10. Affected by this vulnerability is the function get_ping_app_stat of the file ping_response.cgi of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument ping_ipaddr leads to stack-based buffer overflow. Th…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC20 saveParentControlInfo strcpy buffer overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda AC20 up to 16.03.08.12. Affected by this vulnerability is the function strcpy of the file /goform/saveParentControlInfo. The manipulation of the argument Time leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotel…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC20 WifiGuestSet buffer overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda AC20 up to 16.03.08.12. Affected is an unknown function of the file /goform/WifiGuestSet. The manipulation of the argument shareSpeed leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit h…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-8760 Public exploit
INSTAR 2K+/4K fcgi_server base64_decode buffer overflow
A vulnerability was identified in INSTAR 2K+ and 4K 3.11.1 Build 1124. This affects the function base64_decode of the component fcgi_server. The manipulation of the argument Authorization leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotel…
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Low 1.9
Improper buffer restrictions in the firmware for some Intel(R) TDX may allow a privileged user to potentially enable es…
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High 7.2
Improper buffer restrictions for some Intel(R) Xeon(R) Processor firmware with SGX enabled may allow a privileged user …
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Medium 5.1
slab allows out-of-bounds access in `get_disjoint_mut` due to incorrect bounds check
slab is a pre-allocated storage for a uniform data type. In version 0.4.10, the get_disjoint_mut method incorrectly checked if indices were within the slab's capacity instead of its length, allowing access to uninitialized memory. This could lead to undefined…
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Medium 5.3
LibTIFF tiffcrop tiffcrop.c readSeparateStripsetoBuffer stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in LibTIFF up to 4.5.1. Affected by this issue is the function readSeparateStripsetoBuffer of the file tools/tiffcrop.c of the component tiffcrop. The manipulation leads to stack-based buffer overflow. Local access is required t…
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Medium 5.3
NASM Netwide Assember parser.c parse_line stack-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in NASM Netwide Assember 2.17rc0. Affected is the function parse_line of the file parser.c. The manipulation leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack needs to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the …
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Medium 5.3
NASM Netwide Assember nasm.c assemble_file stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in NASM Netwide Assember 2.17rc0. This issue affects the function assemble_file of the file nasm.c. The manipulation leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has be…
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Medium 5.3
NASM Netwide Assember outmacho.c macho_no_dead_strip heap-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in NASM Netwide Assember 2.17rc0. This affects the function macho_no_dead_strip of the file outmacho.c. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. Local access is required to approach this attack. The exploit has been disc…
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Medium 5.3
NASM Netwide Assember preproc.c do_directive use after free
A vulnerability has been found in NASM Netwide Assember 2.17rc0. Affected by this issue is the function do_directive of the file preproc.c. The manipulation leads to use after free. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the…
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Medium 5.3
JasPer JPEG2000 File jpc_dec.c jpc_dec_dump use after free
A vulnerability was identified in JasPer up to 4.2.5. This affects the function jpc_dec_dump of the file src/libjasper/jpc/jpc_dec.c of the component JPEG2000 File Handler. The manipulation leads to use after free. An attack has to be approached locally. The …
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High 8.8
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 langSwitchBack stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 up to 20250801. This issue affects the function langSwitchBack of the file /goform/langSwitchBack. The manipulation of the argument langSelectionOnly leads to stack-ba…
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High 8.8
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 setDMZ stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 up to 20250801. This vulnerability affects the function setDMZ of the file /goform/setDMZ. The manipulation of the argument DMZIPAddress leads to stack-based buffer ov…
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High 8.8
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 remoteManagement stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 up to 20250801. This affects the function remoteManagement of the file /goform/remoteManagement. The manipulation of the argument portNumber leads to stack-based buffer ove…
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High 8.8
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 RP_setBasicAuto um_rp_autochannel stack-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 up to 20250801. This vulnerability affects the function um_rp_autochannel of the file /goform/RP_setBasicAuto. The manipulation of the argument apcli_AuthMode_2G/apcli…
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High 8.8
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 setRIP stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 up to 20250801. Affected by this issue is the function setRIP of the file /goform/setRIP. The manipulation of the argument RIPmode/RIPpasswd leads to stack-based buffe…
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High 8.8
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 setOpMode algDisable stack-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 up to 20250801. Affected is the function algDisable of the file /goform/setOpMode. The manipulation of the argument opMode leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is …
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High 8.8
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 wirelessBasic stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 up to 20250801. This vulnerability affects the function wirelessBasic of the file /goform/wirelessBasic. The manipulation of the argument submit_SSID1 leads to stack-b…
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High 8.8
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 setWan stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 up to 20250801. This affects the function setWan of the file /goform/setWan. The manipulation of the argument staticIp leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible …
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High 8.8
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 setLan stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 up to 20250801. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setLan of the file /goform/setLan. The manipulation of the argument lan2enabled leads to stack-based buf…
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High 8.8
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 setOpMode stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 up to 20250801. Affected is the function setOpMode of the file /goform/setOpMode. The manipulation of the argument ethConv leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is …
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High 8.8
Tenda AC20 SetFirewallCfg strcpy stack-based overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda AC20 16.03.08.05. Affected by this vulnerability is the function strcpy of the file /goform/SetFirewallCfg. The manipulation of the argument firewallEn leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack …
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Low 3.3
GNU libopts __strstr_sse2 memory corruption
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in GNU libopts up to 27.6. Affected is the function __strstr_sse2. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. Local access is required to approach this attack. The exploit has been disclosed to…
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Medium 5.3
GNU cflow Lexer c.c yylex buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in GNU cflow up to 1.8. Affected by this issue is the function yylex of the file c.c of the component Lexer. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. Local access is required to approach this…
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Medium 5.3
libav DSS File Demuxer avconv.c main double free
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in libav up to 12.3. Affected by this issue is the function main of the file /avtools/avconv.c of the component DSS File Demuxer. The manipulation leads to double free. Attacking locally is a r…