Weakness (CWE)
CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-119
3,733 results · Feed
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server SET Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component SET Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The …
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server PLS Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component PLS Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been dis…
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server NOOP Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. This affects an unknown part of the component NOOP Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has bee…
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR-816 form2lansetup.cgi stack-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DIR-816 1.10CNB05 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /goform/form2lansetup.cgi. The manipulation of the argument ip leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be i…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC10 HTTP SetPptpServerCfg formSetPPTPServer buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda AC10 up to 15.03.06.47. This affects the function formSetPPTPServer of the file /goform/SetPptpServerCfg of the component HTTP Handler. The manipulation of the argument startIp/endIp leads …
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR-816 QoSPortSetup stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-816 1.10CNB05. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function QoSPortSetup of the file /goform/QoSPortSetup. The manipulation of the argument port0_group/port0_remarker/ssid0_group/ssid0_remar…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-5623 EPSS 20%
D-Link DIR-816 qosClassifier stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-816 1.10CNB05. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function qosClassifier of the file /goform/qosClassifier. The manipulation of the argument dip_address/sip_address leads to stack-based buffer overflow…
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR-816 wirelessApcli_5g stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-816 1.10CNB05 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function wirelessApcli_5g of the file /goform/wirelessApcli_5g. The manipulation of the argument apcli_mode_5g/apcli_enc_5g/apcli_default_key_5g le…
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High 8.8
Tenda CH22 addUserName formaddUserName stack-based overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda CH22 1.0.0.1. This issue affects the function formaddUserName of the file /goform/addUserName. The manipulation of the argument Password leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attac…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC18 AdvSetLanip fromadvsetlanip buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda AC18 15.03.05.05. Affected by this vulnerability is the function fromadvsetlanip of the file /goform/AdvSetLanip. The manipulation of the argument lanMask leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be la…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC18 SetSysAutoRebbotCfg formsetreboottimer buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Tenda AC18 15.03.05.05. Affected is the function formsetreboottimer of the file /goform/SetSysAutoRebbotCfg. The manipulation of the argument rebootTime leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launc…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC18 setPptpUserList formSetPPTPUserList buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC18 15.03.05.05. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function formSetPPTPUserList of the file /goform/setPptpUserList. The manipulation of the argument list leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be init…
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Critical 9.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T cstecgi.cgi setLanguageCfg stack-based overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in TOTOLINK EX1200T 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. This issue affects the function setLanguageCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument LangType leads to stack-based buffe…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server REGET Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. It has been classified as critical. Affected is an unknown function of the component REGET Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exp…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server PROGRESS Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component PROGRESS Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploi…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server SET Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component SET Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit h…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server HOST Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the component HOST Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploi…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server PASSIVE Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component PASSIVE Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched…
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High 8.8
D-Link DCS-932L setSystemEmail stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DCS-932L 2.18.01. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setSystemEmail of the file /setSystemEmail. The manipulation of the argument EmailSMTPPortNumber leads to stack-based buffer…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server SYSTEM Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the component SYSTEM Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exp…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server PBSZ Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component PBSZ Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The e…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server PASV Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component PASV Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remo…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server NOOP Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the component NOOP Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The explo…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server CDUP Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component CDUP Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. T…
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High 8.8CVE-2025-5527 EPSS 14%
Tenda RX3 SetStaticRouteCfg save_staticroute_data stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda RX3 16.03.13.11_multi_TDE01. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function save_staticroute_data of the file /goform/SetStaticRouteCfg. The manipulation of the argument list leads to stack-based buffer overf…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X15 formMapReboot stack-based overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. This affects the function formMapReboot of the file /boafrm/formMapReboot. The manipulation of the argument deviceMacAddr leads to stack-based buffer overflow. …
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High 7.8
Mali GPU Userspace Driver allows an Out-of-Bounds access
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability in Arm Ltd Bifrost GPU Userspace Driver, Arm Ltd Valhall GPU Userspace Driver, Arm Ltd Arm 5th Gen GPU Architecture Userspace Driver allows a non-privileged user process to …
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Critical 9.8
WAVLINK WL-WN576K1 HTTP POST Request login.cgi sys_login buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in WAVLINK QUANTUM D2G, QUANTUM D3G, WL-WN530G3A, WL-WN530HG3, WL-WN532A3 and WL-WN576K1 up to V1410_240222 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function sys_login of the file /cgi-bin/login.cgi of the component …
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High —
Arrow2 allows out of bounds access in public safe API
`Rows::row_unchecked()` allows out of bounds access to the underlying buffer without sufficient checks. The arrow2 crate is no longer maintained, so there are no plans to fix this issue. Users are advised to migrate to the arrow crate, instead.
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server PWD Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component PWD Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched rem…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server BYE Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. It has been classified as critical. Affected is an unknown function of the component BYE Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The explo…
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server NLST Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component NLST Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit ha…
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Critical 9.1
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.4. An app may be able to…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server RETR Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the component RETR Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploi…
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Medium 5.3
SourceCodester Computer Store System main.c Add stack-based overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in SourceCodester Computer Store System 1.0. This issue affects the function Add of the file main.c. The manipulation of the argument laptopcompany/RAM/Processor leads to stack-based buffer ove…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server PORT Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component PORT Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has bee…
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Medium 5.3
GNU Binutils objdump debug.c debug_type_samep memory corruption
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in GNU Binutils up to 2.44. This affects the function debug_type_samep of the file /binutils/debug.c of the component objdump. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. Local access is required to appro…
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Medium 5.3
GNU Binutils ld elflink.c elf_gc_sweep memory corruption
A vulnerability was found in GNU Binutils up to 2.44. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function elf_gc_sweep of the file bfd/elflink.c of the component ld. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. An attack has to be approached…
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High 8.1
Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 139, Thunderbird 139, Firefox ESR 128.11, and Thunderbird 128.11
Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 138, Thunderbird 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, and Thunderbird 128.10. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary cod…
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High 8.8
D-Link DI-8100 jhttpd login.cgi httpd_get_parm stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DI-8100 up to 20250523. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function httpd_get_parm of the file /login.cgi of the component jhttpd. The manipulation of the argument notify leads to stack-based buffer overflo…