Weakness (CWE)
CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-119
3,733 results · Feed
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server QUOTE Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0.0. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the component QUOTE Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The ex…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server GET Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component GET Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The …
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server ASCII Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component ASCII Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched r…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server LITERAL Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0.0. Affected is an unknown function of the component LITERAL Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The …
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server RMDIR Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component RMDIR Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely…
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High 8.8
D-Link DCS-5020L ptdc.cgi websReadEvent stack-based overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in D-Link DCS-5020L 1.01_B2. This affects the function websReadEvent of the file /rame/ptdc.cgi. The manipulation of the argument Authorization leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initi…
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Low 3.3
Open Asset Import Library Assimp MDLMaterialLoader.cpp ParseSkinLump_3DGS_MDL7 out-of-bounds
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in Open Asset Import Library Assimp 5.4.3. This affects the function MDLImporter::ParseSkinLump_3DGS_MDL7 of the file assimp/code/AssetLib/MDL/MDLMaterialLoader.cpp. The manipulation leads to out-of-bou…
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Low 3.3
Open Asset Import Library Assimp ParsingUtils.h SkipSpaces out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was found in Open Asset Import Library Assimp 5.4.3. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is the function SkipSpaces in the library assimp/include/assimp/ParsingUtils.h. The manipulation leads to out-of-bounds read. Local a…
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Low 3.3
Open Asset Import Library Assimp HL1MDLLoader.cpp validate_header out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was found in Open Asset Import Library Assimp 5.4.3. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is the function HL1MDLLoader::validate_header of the file assimp/code/AssetLib/MDL/HalfLife/HL1MDLLoader.cpp. The manipula…
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Low 3.3
Open Asset Import Library Assimp LWOLoader.cpp CountVertsAndFacesLWO2 out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was found in Open Asset Import Library Assimp 5.4.3. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is the function LWOImporter::CountVertsAndFacesLWO2 of the file assimp/code/AssetLib/LWO/LWOLoader.cpp. The manipulation leads to out-of-bound…
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Low 3.3
Open Asset Import Library Assimp MDLLoader.cpp InternReadFile_Quake1 out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was found in Open Asset Import Library Assimp 5.4.3 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function MDLImporter::InternReadFile_Quake1 of the file assimp/code/AssetLib/MDL/MDLLoader.cpp. The manipulation leads to out-of-bounds r…
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Critical 9.8
Apache NuttX RTOS: NuttX Bluetooth Stack HCI and UART DoS/RCE Vulnerabilities.
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer and Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerabilities were discovered in Apache NuttX RTOS Bluetooth Stack (HCI and UART components) that may result in system crash, denial of service, or arbit…
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Low 3.3
Open Asset Import Library Assimp MDLLoader.cpp InternReadFile_3DGS_MDL345 out-of-bounds
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in Open Asset Import Library Assimp 5.4.3. This affects the function MDLImporter::InternReadFile_3DGS_MDL345 of the file assimp/code/AssetLib/MDL/MDLLoader.cpp. The manipulation leads to out-of-bounds r…
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Low 3.3
Open Asset Import Library Assimp MDLLoader.cpp ImportUVCoordinate_3DGS_MDL345 out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was found in Open Asset Import Library Assimp 5.4.3. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is the function MDLImporter::ImportUVCoordinate_3DGS_MDL345 of the file assimp/code/AssetLib/MDL/MDLLoader.cpp. The manipulation of t…
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Low 3.3
Open Asset Import Library Assimp LWOLoader.h GetS0 out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was found in Open Asset Import Library Assimp 5.4.3. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is the function LWOImporter::GetS0 in the library assimp/code/AssetLib/LWO/LWOLoader.h. The manipulation of the argument o…
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Low 3.3
Open Asset Import Library Assimp MDC File Parser MDCLoader.cpp InternReadFile out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was found in Open Asset Import Library Assimp 5.4.3. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is the function MDCImporter::InternReadFile of the file assimp/code/AssetLib/MDC/MDCLoader.cpp of the component MDC File Parser. The manipulat…
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Low 3.3
Open Asset Import Library Assimp MDCLoader.cpp ValidateSurfaceHeader out-of-bounds
A vulnerability was found in Open Asset Import Library Assimp 5.4.3 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function MDCImporter::ValidateSurfaceHeader of the file assimp/code/AssetLib/MDC/MDCLoader.cpp. The manipulation of the argument pcSurfac…
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High 8.8
H3C GR-5400AX aspForm EditWlanMacList buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in H3C GR-5400AX up to 100R008 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function EditWlanMacList of the file /routing/goform/aspForm. The manipulation of the argument param leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server MGET Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the component MGET Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploi…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server TYPE Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component TYPE Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched re…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server VERBOSE Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component VERBOSE Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. …
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server STATUS Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the component STATUS Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit ha…
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Critical 9.8
KL-001-2025-004: Mobile Dynamix PrinterShare Mobile Print Out-of-bounds Write
An Out of Bounds Write occurs when the native library attempts PDF rendering, which can be exploited to achieve memory corruption and potentially arbitrary code execution.
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High 8.8
Tenda FH451 webExcptypemanFilter stack-based overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Tenda FH451 1.0.0.9. Affected is the function webExcptypemanFilter of the file /goform/webExcptypemanFilter. The manipulation of the argument page leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server SEND Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component SEND Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The e…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server DEBUG Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component DEBUG Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched rem…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server PROMPT Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the component PROMPT Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exp…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server MKDIR Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component MKDIR Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. …
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server MDIR Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component MDIR Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched re…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server LS Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component LS Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The e…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server BINARY Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the component BINARY Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit ha…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server BELL Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component BELL Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploi…
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High 7.3
FreeFloat FTP Server APPEND Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component APPEND Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The expl…
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High 8.8
The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in Safari 18.3, iOS 18.3 and iPadOS 18.3, macOS Sequo…
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High 8.8
Tenda A15 HTTP POST Request multimodalAdd buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda A15 15.13.07.09/15.13.07.13. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the file /goform/multimodalAdd of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is pos…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC10 UserCongratulationsExec buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC10 16.03.10.13 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /goform/UserCongratulationsExec. The manipulation of the argument getuid leads to buffer overflow. The attack may …
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Medium 5.3
code-projects Police Station Management System Delete Record source.cpp remove stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Police Station Management System 1.0. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function criminal::remove of the file source.cpp of the component Delete Record. The manipulation of the a…
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Medium 5.3
code-projects Police Station Management System Display Record source.cpp display buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Police Station Management System 1.0. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function criminal::display of the file source.cpp of the component Display Record. The manipulation of the argument N leads to…
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Medium 5.3
code-projects Tourism Management System Login User LoginUser stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Tourism Management System 1.0 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function LoginUser of the component Login User. The manipulation of the argument username/password leads to stack-based buffer overflow…
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Medium 5.3
code-projects Tourism Management System User Registration AddUser buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in code-projects Tourism Management System 1.0 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function AddUser of the component User Registration. The manipulation of the argument username/password leads to buffer ov…