Weakness (CWE)
CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
-
Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
-
Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
-
Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
-
Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
-
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-119
3,733 results · Feed
-
Low 2.5
Heap buffer overflow in `AvgPool3DGrad`
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. The implementation of `tf.raw_ops.AvgPool3DGrad` is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow. The implementation(https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/d80ffba9702dc19d1fac74fc4b766b3fa…
-
Low 2.5
Heap buffer overflow in `FractionalAvgPoolGrad`
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. The implementation of `tf.raw_ops.FractionalAvgPoolGrad` is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow. The implementation(https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/dcba796a28364d6d7f003f6fe…
-
Low 2.5
Heap buffer overflow in `MaxPoolGrad`
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. The implementation of `tf.raw_ops.MaxPoolGrad` is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow. The implementation(https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/ab1e644b48c82cb71493f4362b4dd38f457…
-
High 8.6
Hilscher rcX RTOS: Wrong handling of the UDP checksum
In Hilscher rcX RTOS versions prios to V2.1.14.1 the actual UDP packet length is not verified against the length indicated by the packet. This may lead to a denial of service of the affected device.
-
Unscored —
A vulnerability has been identified in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation (All versions < V16.0.5). The PlantSimCore.dll libra…
-
High 8.8
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the import_stl.cc:import_stl() functionality of Openscad openscad-2020.1…
-
Unscored —
A heap buffer overflow was found in the floppy disk emulator of QEMU up to 6.0.0 (including). It could occur in fdctrl_…
-
Critical 9.8
A heap memory corruption problem (use after free) can be triggered in libgetdata v0.10.0 when processing maliciously cr…
-
Medium 6.5
Cisco Video Surveillance 8000 Series IP Cameras Cisco Discovery Protocol Denial of Service Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the Cisco Discovery Protocol implementation for Cisco Video Surveillance 8000 Series IP Cameras could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause an affected IP camera to reload. This vulnerability is due to missing checks when pro…
-
High 7.5
Cisco SD-WAN vEdge Software Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco SD-WAN vEdge Software could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user or cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details se…
-
High 7.5
Cisco SD-WAN vEdge Software Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco SD-WAN vEdge Software could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user or cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details se…
-
High 7.5
Cisco SD-WAN vEdge Software Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco SD-WAN vEdge Software could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user or cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details se…
-
High 8.6
Cisco Firepower Threat Defense Software SSL Decryption Policy Denial of Service Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the software-based SSL/TLS message handler of Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to trigger a reload of an affected device, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. The vul…
-
Medium 6.5
Junos OS: EX4300: FPC crash upon receipt of specific frames on an interface without L2PT or dot1x configured
A vulnerability due to the improper handling of direct memory access (DMA) buffers on EX4300 switches on Juniper Networks Junos OS allows an attacker sending specific unicast frames to trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) condition by exhausting DMA buffers, cau…
-
High 7.5
Junos OS: SRX Series: Denial of Service in J-Web upon receipt of crafted HTTP packets
An improper restriction of operations within the bounds of a memory buffer vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS J-Web on SRX Series devices allows an attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS) by sending certain crafted HTTP packets. Continued receipt an…
-
Unscored —
A heap-based buffer overflow was found in jhead in version 3.06 in Get16u() in exif.c when processing a crafted file.
-
Unscored —
GStreamer before 1.18.4 might cause heap corruption when parsing certain malformed Matroska files.
-
Critical 9.8
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the JPG format SOF marker processing of Accusoft ImageGear 19.8. A speci…
-
High 7.8CVE-2021-1480 Public exploit
Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain escalated privileges on an affected system. For more information about these …
-
High 7.8
Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain escalated privileges on an affected system. For more information about these …
-
Medium 5.3
Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. A remote attacker could execute arbitrary commands or bypass authentication and upload files on an affected device. For more information about thes…
-
Medium 5.3
Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. A remote attacker could execute arbitrary commands or bypass authentication and upload files on an affected device. For more information about thes…
-
Critical 9.8
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Management Interface Remote Command Execution Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to improper valid…
-
High 7.4
Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers Link Layer Discovery Protocol Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) implementation for Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. An unauthenticated, adjacent attacker could execute arbitrary code or cause an affected router to leak system memory or reloa…
-
High 7.4
Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers Link Layer Discovery Protocol Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) implementation for Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. An unauthenticated, adjacent attacker could execute arbitrary code or cause an affected router to leak system memory or reloa…
-
High 7.4
Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers Link Layer Discovery Protocol Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) implementation for Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. An unauthenticated, adjacent attacker could execute arbitrary code or cause an affected router to leak system memory or reloa…
-
High 7.8
Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain escalated privileges on an affected system. For more information about these …
-
Critical 9.8
Uninitialized memory access in outer_cgi
An issue was discovered in the outer_cgi crate before 0.2.1 for Rust. A user-provided Read instance receives an uninitialized memory buffer from KeyValueReader.
-
Critical 9.8
On BIG-IP versions 16.0.x before 16.0.1.1, 15.1.x before 15.1.2.1, 14.1.x before 14.1.4, 13.1.x before 13.1.3.6, and 12…
KEV Jan 18, 2022 -
Unscored —
A heap overflow issue was found in Redis in versions before 5.0.10, before 6.0.9 and before 6.2.0 when using a heap all…
-
Unscored —
A flaw was found in GNU Binutils 2.35.1, where there is a heap-based buffer overflow in _bfd_elf_slurp_secondary_reloc_…
-
Unscored —
A flaw was found in upx canPack in p_lx_elf.cpp in UPX 3.96. This flaw allows attackers to cause a denial of service (S…
-
High 8.1
Cisco IOS XE Software Easy Virtual Switching System Arbitrary Code Execution Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the Easy Virtual Switching System (VSS) feature of Cisco IOS XE Software for Cisco Catalyst 4500 Series Switches and Cisco Catalyst 4500-X Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the unde…
-
High 8.1
Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software vDaemon Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the vDaemon process in Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a buffer overflow on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to insufficient bounds checking when the device processes traffi…
-
Unscored —
The patch for CVE-2020-17380/CVE-2020-25085 was found to be ineffective, thus making QEMU vulnerable to the out-of-boun…
-
Unscored —
A CWE-119:Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability exists in Interactive G…
-
Unscored —
A CWE-119:Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability exists in Interactive G…
-
Unscored —
A CWE-119:Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability exists in Interactive G…
-
Unscored —
A CWE-119:Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability exists in Interactive G…
-
High 7.5
A CWE-119:Improper restriction of operations within the bounds of a memory buffer vulnerability exists in PowerLogic IO…