Weakness (CWE)
CWE-129: Improper Validation of Array Index
The product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
-
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
-
Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, Ada allows the programmer to constrain the values of a variable and languages such as Java and Ruby will allow the programmer to handle exceptions when an out-of-bounds index is accessed.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
-
Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When accessing a user-controlled array index, use a stringent range of values that are within the target array. Make sure that you do not allow negative values to be used. That is, verify the minimum as well as the maximum of the range of acceptable values.
-
Implementation
Be especially careful to validate all input when invoking code that crosses language boundaries, such as from an interpreted language to native code. This could create an unexpected interaction between the language boundaries. Ensure that you are not violating any of the expectations of the language with which you are interfacing. For example, even though Java may not be susceptible to buffer overflows, providing a large argument in a call to native code might trigger an overflow.
-
Architecture and Design, Operation
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Source: MITRE CWE-129
185 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
High 8.3
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the var…
-
High 8.3
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the var…
-
High 8.3
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the var…
-
High 8.3
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the var…
-
High 8.3
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the var…
-
High 8.3
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the var…
-
High 8.3
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the var…
-
High 8.3
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the var…
-
High 8.3
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the var…
-
High 8.3
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the var…
-
High 7.5
DVP80ES300T - Improper Validation of Array Index Vulnerability
DVP80ES300T with Improper Validation of Array Index Vulnerability
-
High 7.8CVE-2026-14191 Public exploit
WinRAR / UnRAR RAR5 recovery-volume (.rev) out-of-bounds heap write in RecVolumes5::ReadHeader
An out-of-bounds heap write exists in the RAR5 recovery-volume (.rev) parser in WinRAR and UnRAR (RecVolumes5::ReadHeader in recvol5.cpp). The RecItems vector is sized only when the first .rev file in a set is processed; subsequent .rev files supply an indepe…
-
High 8.1
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the vtkDICOMItem::FindDataElementOrInsert functionality of vtk-dic…
-
High 7.5
libais 0.15 - Out-of-bounds Vector Access in VdmStream::AddLine via Invalid Sequential Message ID
libais through 0.15 VdmStream::AddLine uses an unchecked sentinel value as a vector index when processing AIS sentences with empty or out-of-range sequential message IDs. Remote attackers can crash services or vessel systems by sending crafted AIVDM sentences…
-
High 7.3
NVIDIA DALI contains a vulnerability in a component where an attacker could cause an improper index validation. A succe…
-
High 8.8
Improper Validation of Array Index in Secure Processor
Memory corruption while using Strongbox due to missing bounds check.
-
High 7.5
MapServer: NULL pointer dereference in SLD `<ElseFilter>` rule parsing reachable via WMS `SLD_BODY`
MapServer is a system for developing web-based GIS applications. From 6.4.0 to before 8.6.3, msSLDParseUserStyle always calls _SLDApplyRuleValues(psRule, psLayer, 1); for any <Rule> carrying <ElseFilter/> — it assumes msSLDParseRule added one class. When the …
-
High 7.5
GoBGP: Remote Denial of Service (Panic) in UpdatePathAttrs4ByteAs via Malformed BGP UPDATE
GoBGP is an open source Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) implementation in the Go Programming Language. Prior to version 4.3.0, a remote Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability exists in GoBGP where a malformed BGP UPDATE message can trigger a runtime error: index…
-
High 7.1
Incus out-of-bounds panic in snapshot metadata handling allows denial of service
Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. In versions before 7.0.0, missing validation logic in the storage volume import logic allows an authenticated user with access to the storage volume feature to cause the Incus daemon to crash. The backu…
-
High 8.8
wifi: iwlwifi: fix 22000 series SMEM parsing
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: fix 22000 series SMEM parsing If the firmware were to report three LMACs (which doesn't exist in hardware) then using "fwrt->smem_cfg.lmac[2]" is an overrun of the array. Rejec…
-
High 8.8
wifi: brcmfmac: validate bsscfg indices in IF events
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: brcmfmac: validate bsscfg indices in IF events brcmf_fweh_handle_if_event() validates the firmware-provided interface index before it touches drvr->iflist[], but it still uses the raw b…
-
High 7.7
Argo Workflows: Unchecked annotation parsing in pod informer crashes Argo Workflows controller
Argo Workflows is an open source container-native workflow engine for orchestrating parallel jobs on Kubernetes. From 3.6.5 to 4.0.4, an unchecked array index in the pod informer's podGCFromPod() function causes a controller-wide panic when a workflow pod car…
-
High 7.5
EnhancedLinq.Async is Vulnerable to Denial of Service via Transitive Dependency Microsoft.Bcl.Memory
### Impact `Microsoft.Bcl.Memory`, a transitive dependency of `EnhancedLinq.Async`, had a Denial of Service security vulnerability, [CVE-2026-26127](https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/384), thus affecting `EnhancedLinq.Async` versions that had vul…
-
High 7.5CVE-2026-32286 Public exploit
Denial of service in github.com/jackc/pgproto3/v2
The DataRow.Decode function fails to properly validate field lengths. A malicious or compromised PostgreSQL server can send a DataRow message with a negative field length, causing a slice bounds out of range panic.
-
High 7.5
Denial of service in github.com/buger/jsonparser
The Delete function fails to properly validate offsets when processing malformed JSON input. This can lead to a negative slice index and a runtime panic, allowing a denial of service attack.
-
High 7.1
free5GC CHF has Out-of-Bounds Slice Access that Leads to DoS
free5GC is an open source 5G core network. free5GC CHF prior to version 1.2.2 has an out-of-bounds slice access vulnerability in the CHF `nchf-convergedcharging` service. A valid authenticated request to PUT `/nchf-convergedcharging/v3/recharging/:ueId?rating…
-
High —
gosaml2 CBC Padding Panic — Unauthenticated Process Crash
## Summary The AES-CBC decryption path in `DecryptBytes()` panics on crafted ciphertext whose plaintext is all zero bytes. After decryption, `bytes.TrimRight(data, "\x00")` empties the slice, then `data[len(data)-1]` panics with `index out of range [-1]`. The…
-
High 8.8
HTSlib CRAM reader has heap buffer overflow due to improper validation of input
HTSlib is a library for reading and writing bioinformatics file formats. CRAM is a compressed format which stores DNA sequence alignment data. As one method of removing redundant data, CRAM uses reference-based compression so that instead of storing the full …
-
High 8.8
HTSlib CRAM reader has heap buffer overflow due to improper validation of input
HTSlib is a library for reading and writing bioinformatics file formats. CRAM is a compressed format which stores DNA sequence alignment data. While most alignment records store DNA sequence and quality values, the format also allows them to omit this data in…
-
High 7.5
idunno.Bluesky, idunno.AtProto and idunno.AtProto.OAuthCallback Denial of Service Vulnerability
# idunno.Bluesky, idunno.AtProto and idunno.AtProto.OAuthCallback Denial of Service Vulnerability ## Impact The `Microsoft.Bcl.Memory` package, a transitive dependency of `idunno.AtProto` and `idunno.AtProto.OAuthCallback` had a Denial of Service security vul…
-
High 8.8
GStreamer rtpqdm2depay Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
GStreamer rtpqdm2depay Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GStreamer. Interaction with this library is required to exploit this vulnerabilit…
-
High 8.8
PostgreSQL missing validation of multibyte character length executes arbitrary code
Missing validation of multibyte character length in PostgreSQL text manipulation allows a database user to issue crafted queries that achieve a buffer overrun. That suffices to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database. Versions…
-
High 7.8
iccDEV vulnerable to OOB in CIccXform3DLut::Apply()
iccDEV provides a set of libraries and tools that allow for the interaction, manipulation, and application of ICC color management profiles. Prior to version 2.3.1.3, there is a vulnerability IccCmm.cpp:5793 when reading through index during ICC profile proce…
-
High 7.8
Improper Validation of Array Index in Automotive Linux OS
Memory corruption when accessing resources in kernel driver.
-
High 8.8
FontForge SFD File Parsing Improper Validation of Array Index Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
FontForge SFD File Parsing Improper Validation of Array Index Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of FontForge. User interaction is required to exploit this vulner…
-
High 8.8
FontForge SFD File Parsing Improper Validation of Array Index Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
FontForge SFD File Parsing Improper Validation of Array Index Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of FontForge. User interaction is required to exploit this vulner…
-
High 7.5
The free5GC UPF suffers from a lack of bounds checking on the SEID when processing PFCP Session Deletion Requests. An u…
-
High 8.0
Taiko Alethia Pacaya inbox verification pointer corruption
Taiko Alethia is an Ethereum-equivalent, permissionless, based rollup designed to scale Ethereum without compromising its fundamental properties. In 2.3.1 and earlier, TaikoInbox._verifyBatches (packages/protocol/contracts/layer1/based/TaikoInbox.sol:627-678)…
-
High 8.8
ALC WebCTRL Carrier i-Vu and Gen5 Controllers Array Index out-of-range
A weakness in Automated Logic and Carrier i-Vu Gen5 router on driver version drv_gen5_106-01-2380, allows malformed packets to be sent through BACnet MS/TP network causing the devices to enter a fault state. This fault state requires a manual power cycle to r…
-
High 8.3
vLLM vulnerable to DoS with incorrect shape of multimodal embedding inputs
vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). From version 0.5.5 to before 0.11.1, users can crash the vLLM engine serving multimodal models by passing multimodal embedding inputs with correct ndim but incorrect shape (e.g. hidden …