Weakness (CWE)
CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
The product receives input or data, but it does
not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the
properties that are required to process the data safely and
correctly.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
Consider using language-theoretic security (LangSec) techniques that characterize inputs using a formal language and build "recognizers" for that language. This effectively requires parsing to be a distinct layer that effectively enforces a boundary between raw input and internal data representations, instead of allowing parser code to be scattered throughout the program, where it could be subject to errors or inconsistencies that create weaknesses. [REF-1109] [REF-1110] [REF-1111]
-
Architecture and Design
Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
-
Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter the product, including but not limited to: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
-
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
-
Implementation
When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
-
Implementation
Be especially careful to validate all input when invoking code that crosses language boundaries, such as from an interpreted language to native code. This could create an unexpected interaction between the language boundaries. Ensure that you are not violating any of the expectations of the language with which you are interfacing. For example, even though Java may not be susceptible to buffer overflows, providing a large argument in a call to native code might trigger an overflow.
-
Implementation
Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
Source: MITRE CWE-20
160 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
High 7.1CVE-2024-7014 Public exploit
Improper multimedia file attachment validation in Telegram for Android app
EvilVideo vulnerability allows sending malicious apps disguised as videos in Telegram for Android application affecting versions 10.14.4 and older.
-
High 7.3CVE-2024-38355 Public exploit
Unhandled 'error' event in socket.io
Socket.IO is an open source, real-time, bidirectional, event-based, communication framework. A specially crafted Socket.IO packet can trigger an uncaught exception on the Socket.IO server, thus killing the Node.js process. This issue is fixed by commit `15af2…
-
High 7.5CVE-2024-32371 Public exploit
An issue in HSC Cybersecurity HC Mailinspector 5.2.17-3 through 5.2.18 allows a regular user account to escalate their …
-
High 7.2CVE-2023-51444 Public exploit
GeoServer arbitrary file upload vulnerability in REST Coverage Store API
GeoServer is an open source software server written in Java that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. An arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in versions prior to 2.23.4 and 2.24.1 that enables an authenticated administrator with permissions …
-
High 7.5
Apache Tomcat: HTTP/2 header handling DoS
Denial of Service due to improper input validation vulnerability for HTTP/2 requests in Apache Tomcat. When processing an HTTP/2 request, if the request exceeded any of the configured limits for headers, the associated HTTP/2 stream was not reset until after …
-
High 7.8CVE-2024-26170 Public exploit
Windows Composite Image File System (CimFS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Windows Composite Image File System (CimFS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
-
High 7.5CVE-2023-47355 Public exploit
The com.eypcnnapps.quickreboot (aka Eyuep Can Yilmaz {ROOT] Quick Reboot) application 1.0.8 for Android has exposed bro…
-
High 7.5CVE-2023-39539 Public exploit
Failure when uploading a Logo image file
AMI AptioV contains a vulnerability in BIOS where a User may cause an unrestricted upload of a PNG Logo file with dangerous type by Local access. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to a loss of Confidentiality, Integrity, and/or Availability.
-
High 7.8CVE-2023-36407 Public exploit
Windows Hyper-V Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Windows Hyper-V Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
-
High 7.5
Dolibarr ERP CRM (<= 18.0.1) Improper Input Sanitization Authenticated RCE
Improper input validation in Dolibarr ERP CRM <= v18.0.1 fails to strip certain PHP code from user-supplied input when creating a Website, allowing an attacker to inject and evaluate arbitrary PHP code.
-
High 7.6
Code injection via nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/permanent-redirect annotation
Code injection via nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/permanent-redirect annotation.
-
High 7.6CVE-2023-5043 Public exploit
Ingress nginx annotation injection causes arbitrary command execution
Ingress nginx annotation injection causes arbitrary command execution.
-
High 7.5CVE-2023-4698 Public exploit
Improper Input Validation in usememos/memos
Improper Input Validation in GitHub repository usememos/memos prior to 0.13.2.
-
High 7.5
Rockwell Automation ThinManager Thinserver Software Vulnerable to Input Validation Vulnerability
The Rockwell Automation Thinmanager Thinserver is impacted by an improper input validation vulnerability, Due to improper input validation, a path traversal vulnerability exists when the ThinManager software processes a certain function. If exploited, an unau…
-
High 8.8
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in XML in Google Chrome prior to 116.0.5845.96 allowed a remote attacker to …
-
High 8.8
An attacker can send a specially crafted message to the Wavelink Avalanche Manager, which could result in service disru…
-
High 8.8
ASP.NET Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
ASP.NET Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
-
High 8.2
A improper input validation vulnerability exists in Ivanti Endpoint Manager 2022 and below that could allow privilege e…
-
High 8.1
Certain Lexmark devices through 2023-02-19 mishandle Input Validation (issue 1 of 4).
-
High 7.5
An issue in the urllib.parse component of Python before 3.11.4 allows attackers to bypass blocklisting methods by suppl…
-
High 7.8CVE-2022-45770 Public exploit
Improper input validation in adgnetworkwfpdrv.sys in Adguard For Windows x86 through 7.11 allows local privilege escala…
-
High 8.1
Netdata vulnerable to command injection
Netdata is an open source option for real-time infrastructure monitoring and troubleshooting. An attacker with the ability to establish a streaming connection can execute arbitrary commands on the targeted Netdata agent. When an alert is triggered, the functi…
-
High 7.8CVE-2022-20470 Public exploit
In bindRemoteViewsService of AppWidgetServiceImpl.java, there is a possible way to bypass background activity launch du…
-
High 8.1CVE-2022-24439 Public exploit
Remote Code Execution (RCE)
All versions of package gitpython are vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE) due to improper user input validation, which makes it possible to inject a maliciously crafted remote URL into the clone command. Exploiting this vulnerability is possible because…
-
High 8.3
Remote Code execution in SnakeYAML
SnakeYaml's Constructor() class does not restrict types which can be instantiated during deserialization. Deserializing yaml content provided by an attacker can lead to remote code execution. We recommend using SnakeYaml's SafeConsturctor when parsing untrust…
-
High 8.8
Improper token validation leading to code execution in Teleport
Teleport 9.3.6 is vulnerable to Command injection leading to Remote Code Execution. An attacker can craft a malicious ssh agent installation link by URL encoding a bash escape with carriage return line feed. This url encoded payload can be used in place of a …
-
High 7.5
Moodle Arbitrary file read when importing lesson questions
The vulnerability was found in Moodle, occurs due to input validation error when importing lesson questions. This insufficient path checks results in arbitrary file read risk. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to perform directory traversal attacks.…
-
High 8.2CVE-2022-24818 Public exploit
Unchecked JNDI lookups in GeoTools
GeoTools is an open source Java library that provides tools for geospatial data. The GeoTools library has a number of data sources that can perform unchecked JNDI lookups, which in turn can be used to perform class deserialization and result in arbitrary code…
-
High 8.5CVE-2022-23626 Public exploit
Insufficient file checks in m1k1o/blog
m1k1o/blog is a lightweight self-hosted facebook-styled PHP blog. Errors from functions `imagecreatefrom*` and `image*` have not been checked properly. Although PHP issued warnings and the upload function returned `false`, the original file (that could contai…
-
High 8.0CVE-2022-21668 Public exploit
Pipenv's requirements.txt parsing allows malicious index url in comments
pipenv is a Python development workflow tool. Starting with version 2018.10.9 and prior to version 2022.1.8, a flaw in pipenv's parsing of requirements files allows an attacker to insert a specially crafted string inside a comment anywhere within a requiremen…
-
High 8.8CVE-2021-25741 Public exploit
Symlink Exchange Can Allow Host Filesystem Access
A security issue was discovered in Kubernetes where a user may be able to create a container with subpath volume mounts to access files & directories outside of the volume, including on the host filesystem.
-
High 7.8
Linux kernel eBPF bitwise ops ALU32 bounds tracking
The eBPF ALU32 bounds tracking for bitwise ops (AND, OR and XOR) in the Linux kernel did not properly update 32-bit bounds, which could be turned into out of bounds reads and writes in the Linux kernel and therefore, arbitrary code execution. This issue was f…
-
High 8.8CVE-2021-26814 Public exploit
Improper Input Validation (RCE)
Wazuh API in Wazuh from 4.0.0 to 4.0.3 allows authenticated users to execute arbitrary code with administrative privileges via /manager/files URI. An authenticated user to the service may exploit incomplete input validation on the /manager/files API to inject…
-
High 8.2CVE-2020-7740 Public exploit
Server-side Request Forgery (SSRF)
This affects all versions of package node-pdf-generator. Due to lack of user input validation and sanitization done to the content given to node-pdf-generator, it is possible for an attacker to craft a url that will be passed to an external server allowing an…
-
High 8.8CVE-2020-13941 Public exploit
Improper Input Validation in Apache Solr
Reported in SOLR-14515 (private) and fixed in SOLR-14561 (public), released in Solr version 8.6.0. The Replication handler (https://lucene.apache.org/solr/guide/8_6/index-replication.html#http-api-commands-for-the-replicationhandler) allows commands backup, r…
-
High 7.5
Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software and Firepower Threat Defense Software Web Services Read-Only Path Traversal Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web services interface of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct directory traversal attacks and read sensitive files…
KEV Nov 3, 2021 -
High 7.8CVE-2018-20225 Public exploit
An issue was discovered in pip (all versions) because it installs the version with the highest version number, even if …
-
High 7.5CVE-2020-10663 Public exploit
Unsafe object creation in json RubyGem
The JSON gem through 2.2.0 for Ruby, as used in Ruby 2.4 through 2.4.9, 2.5 through 2.5.7, and 2.6 through 2.6.5, has an Unsafe Object Creation Vulnerability. This is quite similar to CVE-2013-0269, but does not rely on poor garbage-collection behavior within…
-
High 8.8
Remote Code Execution - JavaEL Injection (low privileged accounts) in Nexus Repository Manager
Sonatype Nexus Repository before 3.21.2 allows Remote Code Execution.
-
High 7.8
In binder_transaction of binder.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could…
KEV Nov 3, 2021