Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,149 results · Feed
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Medium 6.1
libsmi through 0.5.0 Out-of-Bounds Write via smiValueAsString OCTET STRING DEFVAL
libsmi through 0.5.0 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in smiValueAsString() in lib/smi.c that allows attackers to overflow a fixed 1024-byte static buffer through hex rendering of OCTET STRING values. Attackers can supply a crafted MIB with an OC…
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Medium 6.1
libInstPatch through 1.1.7 Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via ipatch_sf2_gen_is_valid
libInstPatch through 1.1.7 contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the SoundFont 2 loader because ipatch_sf2_gen_is_valid() does not range-check generator IDs before the validity mask test. Attackers can supply crafted SF2 files with out-of-range…
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Medium 6.1
FluidSynth through 2.6.1 Out-of-Bounds Write via SoundFont Modulator Destination
FluidSynth through 2.6.1 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that allows attackers to corrupt heap and stack memory by supplying unvalidated SoundFont modulator destination values. Attackers can craft an SF2 file with PMOD/IMOD destinations of 63 to…
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Medium 6.1
AdPlug through 2.4 Heap Buffer Overflow via CksmPlayer::update in ksm.cpp
AdPlug through 2.4 contains a heap-based buffer overflow in CksmPlayer::update() in src/ksm.cpp that writes past the fixed databuf[2048] array without bounds checking. Attackers can supply a crafted .ksm module whose notes share one time slot to overflow the …
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High 7.8
bincookie: Heap buffer overflow via unvalidated `num_pages` when parsing a `.binarycookies` file
bincookie is a header-only binarycookies parser. Prior to 0.1.9, bincookie_init_file() in bincookie.h allocates a buffer using the actual .binarycookies file length but trusts the file-controlled num_pages field as the loop bound for byte-swapping page_sizes …
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Medium 5.8
HPE NonStop RDMA SERVICES NSK - Out-of-bounds memory write vulnerability
A buffer overflow vulnerability in HPE NonStop RDMA SERVICES NSK may cause out-of-bounds memory write, which may result in memory corruption.
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High 7.0
Multiple vulnerabilities in bhyve device models
The HDA audio device model did not check for zero-length Buffer Descriptor List (BDL) entries when starting a stream. A zero-length entry caused an out-of-bounds read or write during DMA transfer processing. BDL fields were also subject to modification by the…
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Medium 5.9
Remotely triggerable buffer overflow in tcp_rack
When the PCM sample array needs to grow, the RACK stack doubles a 16-bit allocation counter. Repeated doublings caused the counter to wrap to zero, resulting in a near-zero-length allocation followed by a copy of the existing samples into the undersized buffe…
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High 8.4
Heap out-of-bounds access in semop(2)
When semop(2) blocks waiting for a semaphore condition, it releases the per-set lock and sleeps. Upon waking, it checks the sequence number embedded in the semaphore set's IPC identifier to detect whether the set was removed while the caller was asleep. This …
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High 7.1
FreeRDP 3.3.0 before 3.32.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via Grayscale JPEG Clipboard Data
FreeRDP 3.3.0 before 3.32.0, when built with WINPR_UTILS_IMAGE_JPEG=ON, has a heap-based out-of-bounds write in winpr_convert_from_jpeg because grayscale JPEG buffers are sized from one input component rather than three BGR output components. A malicious RDP …
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Medium 6.3
Praat Model Loader whisper.cpp whisper_model_load out-of-bounds write
A security vulnerability has been detected in Praat up to 7.0.02. Affected is the function whisper_model_load of the file external/whispercpp/whisper.cpp of the component Model Loader. The manipulation of the argument n_dims leads to out-of-bounds write. The …
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Medium 6.5
Dpdk: dpdk: integer overflow combined with missing validation leads to host buffer overflow in vhost-crypto
A flaw was found in DPDK lib/vhost vhost-crypto. Integer overflow in chain length checks, and missing length checks on the RSA path, can overflow a host buffer in the vhost-crypto backend.
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Medium 6.5
Dpdk: dpdk: stack and heap buffer overflow in nfp vdpa driver
A flaw was found in the DPDK nfp vDPA driver. Stack and heap buffers sized for a single queue pair can be overflowed when more virtqueues are configured, leading to a host crash or memory corruption.
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Medium 6.5
Dpdk: dpdk: guest can trigger out-of-bounds write by controlling avail ring index in vhost-crypto
A flaw was found in DPDK lib/vhost vhost-crypto. A guest can supply an avail-ring descriptor index that is used without bounds checking, causing an out-of-bounds write in the host vhost-crypto backend.
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Critical 9.3
When a TLS 1.3 client processes a HelloRetryRequest, it copies the server's cookie into its second ClientHello without …
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High 8.4
The GUIX binary resource (theme) loader sizes its arena and populates it in two separate passes that traverse the resou…
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High 7.5
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: In a non-4byte-AS scenario a specific BGP update causes an rpd crash
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an eBGP peer which has not negotiated four-octet-AS capability sending a specifically malformed BGP update to cause a Denial-of-…
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High 7.2
F´: FpySequencer Integer Overflow in Stack Offset/Size Validation Leading to Out-of-Bounds Write
F´ (F Prime) is a framework that enables development and deployment of spaceflight and other embedded software applications. Prior to 4.2.0, Svc::FpySequencer STORE directive stack write validation the bounds check adds attacker-controlled offset and size bef…
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High 7.5
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: An attacker causes a routing daemon crash when BGP EVPN RIB telemetry is used
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an attacker with access to a configured BGP EVPN peer to cause a denial of service via BGP EVPN route processing when the l2vpn-…
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High 7.6
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: An out-of-bounds write causes an rpd crash when IS-IS backup selection is used
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an adjacent unauthenticated attacker to cause a denial of service when IS-IS link protection and backup-selection are configured.
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Medium 6.5
Junos OS Evolved: An crafted LACP frame causes lacpd to crash when LACP is enabled
An Out-of-bounds Write Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in lacpd of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows a Layer-2-adjacent attacker to cause a denial of service via a crafted frame received on an LACP-enabled aggregated-Ethernet member port.
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Medium 6.8
Out-of-bounds write in the TI CC1200 IEEE 802.15.4 driver from an unvalidated radio-supplied packet length
The CC1200 sub-GHz IEEE 802.15.4 driver takes the PHY packet length from the first byte of the radio's RX FIFO in get_packet_length() and validates it in verify_rxfifo_validity() (drivers/ieee802154/ieee802154_cc1200.c). That validation only enforced a lower …
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Medium 6.5
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: An attacker causes routing-plane denial of service when Auto-RP mapping is enabled
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the rpd process of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated attacker to cause a routing-plane denial of service via Auto-RP mapping announcements received when Auto-RP mapping is enabled.
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Medium 4.4
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: An attacker causes Denial of Service in eventd
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in eventd of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a local attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via sending a crafted packet to the eventd relay service.
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High 8.6
Dpdk: dpdk: heap out-of-bounds read/write in gso header copy
A flaw was found in the DPDK GSO library. When software GSO copies packet headers into a new mbuf, it does not check that the header fits in the source first segment or in the destination buffer, and a header longer than the configured GSO segment size can un…
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Medium 6.8
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: If a specific set of BGP communities is present and graceful-shutdown sender is added while attempting to advertise rpd crashes
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an adjacent attacker which sends a specific set of BGP communities to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS) as rpd crashes when gracef…
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Medium 6.5
Junos OS Evolved: QFX Series: A BGP peer causes an rpd crash when global load balancing is enabled
An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved on QFX5240, QFX5241 and QFX5250 configured for BGP global-load-balancing and more than 128 ecmp next-hops allows an attacker to cause an rpd crash.
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High 8.2
Dpdk: dpdk: guest can desynchronize virtqueue size from inflight descriptor table size, causing out-of-bounds write
A flaw was found in DPDK lib/vhost. A guest can desynchronize virtqueue size from inflight descriptor table size, causing an out-of-bounds write in the host vhost process.
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Low 2.9
rapidcsv: Integer overflow in iterator arithmetic causes out-of-bounds access
rapidcsv is a C++ CSV parser library. Prior to 8.99, RemoveColumn, InsertColumn, RemoveRow, InsertRow, and GetColumnNames converted size_t indexes to int before adding them to std::vector iterators. On 64-bit systems, in a CSV matrix dimension containing more…
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Low 2.5
Godot Engine through 4.7.2 has a heap out-of-bounds write in the Radiance HDR (.hdr) image decoder (modules/hdr/image_l…
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Medium 6.1
MuJS 1.3.6 before 1.3.9 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read/Write via Array.prototype.sort
MuJS 1.3.6 before 1.3.9 contains a heap out-of-bounds read and write vulnerability in Array.prototype.sort that allows attackers to corrupt memory by inflating a simple array's length. Attackers can supply JavaScript that enlarges a dense array's length and c…
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Medium 6.1
libzvbi through 0.2.45 Out-of-Bounds Write via Teletext DRCS convert_drcs
libzvbi through 0.2.45 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the Teletext decoder that allows attackers to corrupt memory by supplying unvalidated DRCS pixel-mode values in X/28/3 packets. Attackers can send a crafted Teletext stream decoded via vb…
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Medium 6.3
libsixel before 1.8.7-r1 and 1.9.0 through 1.10.5 Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via GIF
libsixel before 1.8.7-r1 and 1.9.0 through 1.10.5 contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in gif_init_frame() in src/fromgif.c, which never checks the GIF transparent color index against the palette size. Attackers can supply a crafted GIF with a sm…
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High 7.8
DevIL through 1.8.0 Heap Buffer Overflow via GIF iGetPalette
DevIL through 1.8.0 contains a heap-based buffer overflow in iGetPalette() in il_gif.cpp that allows attackers to write beyond a 768-byte palette buffer when loading GIF images. Attackers can supply a crafted two-frame GIF whose second frame uses disposal met…
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Medium 6.1
Gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free: gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free: heap out-of-bounds write in asfmux due to incorrect utf-16 size calculation for non-bmp characters
A flaw was found in the GStreamer multimedia framework's ASF muxer plugin (asfmux). When writing string metadata tags containing Unicode characters outside the Basic Multilingual Plane (such as emoji) to an ASF container, the plugin incorrectly calculates the…
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High 8.4CVE-2026-86476 Public exploit
Gstreamer1-plugins-base: gst-plugins-base: heap buffer overflow via unvalidated gstvideometa plane extents in gst_video_frame_map_id and video_meta_deserialize
A flaw was found in gst-plugins-base. A heap buffer overflow can be triggered when processing video buffers whose attached GstVideoMeta metadata declares plane strides and offsets that exceed the actual backing memory allocation. The metadata is not range-che…
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Medium 5.1
Out-of-bounds Write Vulnerability in Hitachi Disk Array Driver for AIX, Hitachi Disk Array Driver for Virtual I/O Server
Out-of-bounds write vulnerability in Hitachi Disk Array Driver for AIX and Hitachi Disk Array Driver for Virtual I/O Server. This issue affects Hitachi Disk Array Driver for AIX: from 01-00 before 01-23-/A; Hitachi Disk Array Driver for Virtual I/O Server: fr…
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Medium 6.8
Out-of-Bounds Write
Out-of-bounds write vulnerability in Citrix Workspace app for Windows. This issue affects Workspace app for Windows: before 2603.20 CR, before LTSR 2607 Hotfix 1, and before LTSR 2507 CU3 Hotfix 1.
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High 7.8
Bridge | Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
Bridge is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
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High 7.8
Bridge | Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
Bridge is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.