Weakness (CWE)
CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
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Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Source: MITRE CWE-787
6,159 results · Feed
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Medium 5.5
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a local attacker to cause a denial of service due to a heap buffer overflow.
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High 8.8
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code due to a heap buffer overflow.
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Critical 9.8
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code due to a heap buffer overflow.
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High 8.8
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code due to a stack buffer overflow.
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Critical 9.8
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code due to an out-of-bounds write.
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Medium 4.2
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to obtain sensitive information and cause a denial of service due to an out-of-bounds write.
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High 8.2
Power System Out-of-bounds Write
Power Systems Firmware FW1120.00, FW1110.00 through FW1110.30, FW1060.00 through FW1060.80, FW950.00 through FW950.H2, OP940.00 through OP940.a1, and OP940.00 - OP940.81 is affected by a vulnerability in the service processor mailbox interface. An attacker wi…
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Medium 5.3
Wazuh: Stack Out-of-Bounds Write in remoted Decompression Path
Wazuh is a free and open source platform used for threat prevention, detection, and response. From 1.0.0 until 4.14.6 and 5.0.0-beta2, HandleSecureMessage() in src/remoted/secure.c passes a pointer inside its stack buffer to ReadSecMSG(), and src/os_crypto/sh…
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High 8.8
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code due to a heap buffer overflow.
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High 7.5
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to an out-of-bounds write.
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Low 2.4
Out-of-bounds write in nnn
nnn is vulnerable to Out-of-Bound write vulnerability. Due to lack of validation of attacker-controlled length fields deserialized from a session file, a crafted session file can cause nnn to write data beyond the bounds of fixed-size global buffers when load…
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High 7.4
Race condition in ELF core dump segment counting
The ELF core dump code counted the number of dumpable VM map entries, allocated a buffer for the corresponding program headers, then iterated over the map a second time to populate them. A process sharing the address space via rfork(2) can mutate the map betw…
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High 7.8
Heap out-of-bounds access in semctl(2)
The GETALL and SETALL commands in semctl(2) recorded the number of semaphores in the target set, dropped the lock protecting the set, allocated a buffer sized for that count, and reacquired the lock. A sequence-number check was used to verify that the set had…
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Medium 5.3
libheif: Heap out of bounds write in libheif uncompressed encoder when writing images with mismatched auxiliary alpha dimensions
libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. In 1.23.0 and earlier, a crafted image sequence with a 2x2 primary plane and a 256x256 auxiliary alpha plane can cause attacker-controlled heap corruption during a normal decode and re-encode workflo…
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Medium 6.4
Stack buffer overflow and off-by-one writes in Zephyr HL7800 modem AT response handlers
The Sierra Wireless HL7800 cellular modem driver (drivers/modem/vendor_standalone/hl7800.c, located at drivers/modem/hl7800.c in v4.4.0 and earlier) parses AT responses with roughly twenty handlers that call net_buf_linearize(value, sizeof(value), *buf, 0, le…
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Critical 9.3
libre: Integer overflow in websock_decode() masked frame length check leads to heap buffer overflow
libre is a generic library for real-time communications with asynchronous input and output support. Prior to 4.8.1, the websock_decode() function in src/websock/websock.c contains an integer overflow when validating a masked WebSocket frame that uses the 64-b…
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Critical 9.8
Dell PowerStore SDNAS, contains an Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in SMB/CIFS. An unauthenticated attacker with remo…
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Medium 4.3
An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in Safari 26.6.1, iOS 18…
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Medium 4.3
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in Safari 26.6.1, iOS 18.7.…
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High 7.8
Notepad++: Stack Buffer Overflow in expandNppEnvironmentStrs
Notepad++ is a free and open-source source code editor. Prior to 8.9.7, the expandNppEnvironmentStrs function in PowerEditor/src/WinControls/StaticDialog/RunDlg/RunDlg.cpp copies a Notepad++ variable name between $( and ) into the fixed-size wchar_t str[MAX_P…
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High 8.9
HP Web Jetadmin (WJA) - Potential Arbitrary File Read/Write
HP has identified a potential vulnerability in HP Web Jetadmin (WJA) that may allow an unauthenticated actor to read from or write to arbitrary files through a DLL hijacking mechanism.
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Medium 5.0
Out-of-bounds stack read and write in Zephyr WNC-M14A2A modem socket-notify parsing
The WNC-M14A2A LTE-M modem driver mishandles unsolicited %NOTIFYEV: events in on_cmd_socknotifyev() (drivers/modem/vendor_standalone/wncm14a2a.c). The response line is linearized into a fixed 40-byte stack buffer via net_buf_linearize(), which caps the copy a…
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Critical 9.1
DBI versions before 1.652 for Perl allow a heap out-of-bounds write via an unvalidated numeric placeholder that sets the binder counter in preparse
DBI versions before 1.652 for Perl allow a heap out-of-bounds write via an unvalidated numeric placeholder that sets the binder counter in preparse. preparse reserves seven output bytes per input byte, the width of the longest ':p99999' expansion. The ':N' br…
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Critical 9.8
DBI versions before 1.652 for Perl allow a heap out-of-bounds write on 32-bit perl via an integer wraparound in the output buffer size computed by preparse
DBI versions before 1.652 for Perl allow a heap out-of-bounds write on 32-bit perl via an integer wraparound in the output buffer size computed by preparse. preparse reserves its output buffer with `newSV(strlen(statement) * 7 + 16)`, budgeting seven output b…
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Critical 9.8
dm-verity: fix buffer overflow in FEC calculation
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm-verity: fix buffer overflow in FEC calculation There's a buffer overflow in dm-verity-fec: if (neras && *neras <= v->fec->roots) fio->erasures[(*neras)++] = i; This allows *neras to reach …
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High 7.8CVE-2026-72018 Public exploit
dibs: loopback: validate offset and size in move_data()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dibs: loopback: validate offset and size in move_data() The loopback move_data() performs a memcpy into the registered DMB without checking whether offset + size exceeds the DMB length. Unlik…
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Medium 4.2
Out-of-bounds write in LoRaWAN fragmented transport from a fragment index of 0
The LoRaWAN Fragmented Data Block Transport service (subsys/lorawan/services/frag_transport.c) does not validate the fragment counter in a received DATA_FRAGMENT command before forwarding it to the configured decoder. In frag_transport_package_callback() the …
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High 7.3
Out-of-bounds Write in KUNBUS piControl
Nozomi Networks Labs identified a CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in the process-image management functionality of KUNBUS piControl in version 2.6.2 that allows a local authenticated attacker with device configuration access to write attacker-contr…
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High 7.3
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in Java Secure Sockets Extension
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a local authenticated attacker to generate a stack-based buffer overflow in the Native IBM i JSSE provider, caused by improper bounds checking during TLS session establishment. A local attacker could overflow a fixed-l…
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Medium 4.5
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in Java Secure Sockets Extension
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a local attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service due to improper bounds checking.
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High 7.5
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to a stack-based buffer overflow.
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High 8.6
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in NetServer
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to an out-of-bounds write.
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Medium 4.8
IBM i Is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in IBM Java SDK and IBM Java Runtime
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to an improper buffer write.
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High 8.2
IBM i is Affected By a Denial of Service in HTTP Server []
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to a buffer overflow.
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High 8.8
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in Java Secure Sockets Extension
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a local attacker to execute arbitrary code due to an out-of-bounds write.
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High 8.8
IBM i is Affected By A Remote Code Execution Vulnerability []
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to a heap-based buffer overflow.
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High 7.5
IBM i is Affected By A Denial of Service Vulnerability DST/SST []
IBM i 7.6 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to an out-of-bounds write.
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Medium 4.3
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in NetServer
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to obtain sensitive information due to a heap buffer overflow.
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High 8.6
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service and potentially obtain sensitive information due to a stack-based buffer overflow.
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Medium 6.5
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to cause a denial of service due to a stack-based buffer overflow.