Weakness (CWE)
CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
The product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.
More detail
In some cases, XSS-style attacks can work, which can obscure the root cause if the developer does not closely investigate the root cause of the error.
Template engines can be used on the server or client, so both "sides" could be affected by injection. The mechanisms of attack or the affected technologies might be different, but the mistake is fundamentally the same.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Choose a template engine that offers a sandbox or restricted mode, or at least limits the power of any available expressions, function calls, or commands.
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Implementation
Use the template engine's sandbox or restricted mode, if available.
Source: MITRE CWE-1336
320 results · Feed
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Critical 10.0
Sawtooth Software Lighthouse Studio < 9.16.14 Pre-Authentication RCE
A template injection vulnerability exists in Sawtooth Software’s Lighthouse Studio versions prior to 9.16.14 via the ciwweb.pl http://ciwweb.pl/ Perl web application. Exploitation allows an unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary commands.
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High 8.6
Conjur OSS and Secrets Manager, Self-Hosted (formerly Conjur Enterprise) Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution
Conjur provides secrets management and application identity for infrastructure. Conjur OSS versions 1.19.5 through 1.21.1 and Secrets Manager, Self-Hosted (formerly known as Conjur Enterprise) 13.1 through 13.4.1 are vulnerable to remote code execution An aut…
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Critical 10.0
LaRecipe is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection attacks
LaRecipe is an application that allows users to create documentation with Markdown inside a Laravel app. Versions prior to 2.8.1 are vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI), which could potentially lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE) in vulnerable…
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High 7.3
Kingdee Cloud-Starry-Sky Enterprise Edition Freemarker Engine DynamicForm 4 Action.class plugin.buildMobilePopHtml special elements used in a template engine
A vulnerability was found in Kingdee Cloud-Starry-Sky Enterprise Edition 6.x/7.x/8.x/9.0. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function plugin.buildMobilePopHtml of the file \k3\o2o\bos\webapp\action\DynamicForm 4 Action.class of the c…
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Medium 6.3
PySpur-Dev pyspur Jinja2 Template single_llm_call.py SingleLLMCallNode special elements used in a template engine
A vulnerability was found in PySpur-Dev pyspur up to 0.1.18. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function SingleLLMCallNode of the file backend/pyspur/nodes/llm/single_llm_call.py of the component Jinja2 Template Handler. The manipulation of t…
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Medium 6.0
Nautobot vulnerable to secrets exposure and data manipulation through Jinja2 templating
Nautobot is a Network Source of Truth and Network Automation Platform. All users of Nautobot versions prior to 2.4.10 or prior to 1.6.32 are potentially affected. Due to insufficient security configuration of the Jinja2 templating feature used in computed fie…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2025-49136 Public exploit
listmonk's Sprig template Injection vulnerability leads to reading of Environment Variable for low privilege user
listmonk is a standalone, self-hosted, newsletter and mailing list manager. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 5.0.2, the `env` and `expandenv` template functions which is enabled by default in Sprig enables capturing of env variables on host. Whi…
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High 8.5
Skyvern has a Jinja runtime leak
Skyvern through 0.1.85 is vulnerable to server-side template injection (SSTI) in the Prompt field of workflow blocks such as the Navigation v2 Block. Improper sanitization of Jinja2 template input allows authenticated users to inject crafted expressions that …
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Medium 6.3
zhilink 智互联(深圳)科技有限公司 ADP Application Developer Platform 应用开发者平台 testService special elements used in a template engine
A vulnerability has been found in zhilink 智互联(深圳)科技有限公司 ADP Application Developer Platform 应用开发者平台 1.0.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /adpweb/a/ica/api/service/rfa/testService. The manipula…
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Critical 10.0
Invision Community 5.0.0 before 5.0.7 allows remote code execution via crafted template strings to themeeditor.php. The…
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High 7.3CVE-2025-46731 Public exploit
Craft CMS Contains a Potential Remote Code Execution Vulnerability via Twig SSTI
Craft is a content management system. Versions of Craft CMS on the 4.x branch prior to 4.14.13 and on the 5.x branch prior to 5.6.16 contains a potential remote code execution vulnerability via Twig SSTI. One must have administrator access and `ALLOW_ADMIN_CH…
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Low 2.3
Dell PowerProtect Data Manager Reporting, version(s) 19.16, 19.17, 19.18, contain(s) an Improper Neutralization of Spec…
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Critical 10.0
IPW Systems Metazo through 8.1.3 allows unauthenticated Remote Code Execution because smartyValidator.php enables the a…
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Low 3.3
wix-incubator jam Jinja2 Template jam.py special elements used in a template engine
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in wix-incubator jam up to e87a6fd85cf8fb5ff37b62b2d68f917219d07ae9. This affects an unknown part of the file jam.py of the component Jinja2 Template Handler. The manipulation of the argument con…
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Critical 9.9
wikiplugin_includetpl in lib/wiki-plugins/wikiplugin_includetpl.php in Tiki before 28.3 mishandles input to an eval. Th…
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Medium 5.9
Unrestricted Code Execution in aimhubio/aim
In version 3.22.0 of aimhubio/aim, the AimQL query language uses an outdated version of the safer_getattr() function from RestrictedPython. This version does not protect against the str.format_map() method, allowing an attacker to leak server-side secrets or …
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High 8.8
Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) in significant-gravitas/autogpt
AutoGPT versions 0.3.4 and earlier are vulnerable to a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that could lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE). The vulnerability arises from the improper handling of user-supplied format strings in the `AgentOutputBlock` implemen…
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Low 3.5CVE-2025-26865 Public exploit
Apache OFBiz: Server-Side Template Injection affecting the ecommerce plugin leading to possible RCE
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability in Apache OFBiz. This issue affects Apache OFBiz: from 18.12.17 before 18.12.18. It's a regression between 18.12.17 and 18.12.18. In case you use something like that, which …
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Medium 6.3
zhijiantianya ruoyi-vue-pro deploy special elements used in a template engine
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in zhijiantianya ruoyi-vue-pro 2.4.1. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /admin-api/bpm/model/deploy. The manipulation leads to improper neutralization of special elements us…
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Medium 5.4
Jinja sandbox breakout through attr filter selecting format method
Jinja is an extensible templating engine. Prior to 3.1.6, an oversight in how the Jinja sandboxed environment interacts with the |attr filter allows an attacker that controls the content of a template to execute arbitrary Python code. To exploit the vulnerabi…
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Critical 9.8
Spacy-LLM Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability
A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in Spacy-LLM v0.7.2 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via injecting a crafted payload into the template field.
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High 8.7
Code Injection in Wyn Enterprise
Report generation functionality in Wyn Enterprise allows for code inclusion, but not sufficiently limits what code might be included. An attacker is able use a low privileges account in order to abuse this functionality and execute malicious code, load DLL li…
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Medium 6.9
An issue was discovered in Logpoint AgentX before 1.5.0. A vulnerability caused by limited access controls allowed li-a…
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High 7.3
CouchAuth has a Server-Side Template Injection vulnerability in its email functionality
A host header injection vulnerability exists in the NPM package of perfood/couch-auth <= 0.21.2. By sending a specially crafted host header in the email change confirmation request, it is possible to trigger a SSTI which can be leveraged to run limited comman…
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High 8.0
OneBlog v2.3.6 was discovered to contain a template injection vulnerability via the template management department.
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Critical 10.0
Tandoor Recipes - SSTI - Remote Code Execution
Tandoor Recipes is an application for managing recipes, planning meals, and building shopping lists. A Jinja2 SSTI vulnerability allows any user to execute commands on the server. In the case of the provided Docker Compose file as root. This vulnerability is …
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Critical 9.9CVE-2024-12583 Public exploit
Dynamics 365 Integration <= 1.3.23 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Remote Code Execution and Arbitrary File Read via Twig Server-Side Template Injection
The Dynamics 365 Integration plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution and Arbitrary File Read in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.23 via Twig Server-Side Template Injection. This is due to missing input validation and sanitization on …
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Medium 5.4
Jinja has a sandbox breakout through indirect reference to format method
Jinja is an extensible templating engine. Prior to 3.1.5, An oversight in how the Jinja sandboxed environment detects calls to str.format allows an attacker that controls the content of a template to execute arbitrary Python code. To exploit the vulnerability…
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High 8.8
Openshift-dedicated: must-gather-operator: yaml template injection leads to privilege escalation
A flaw was found in the MustGather.managed.openshift.io Custom Defined Resource (CRD) of OpenShift Dedicated. A non-privileged user on the cluster can create a MustGather object with a specially crafted file and set the most privileged service account to run …
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High 7.2
openCart Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability
OpenCart 4.0.2.3 is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) via the Theme Editor Function.
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Medium 6.9
SiYuan has an SSTI via /api/template/renderSprig
SiYuan is a personal knowledge management system. Prior to version 3.1.16, SiYuan's `/api/template/renderSprig` endpoint is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) through the Sprig template engine. Although the engine has limitations, it allows a…
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Medium 6.5
PwnDoc Server-Side Template Injection vulnerability - Sandbox Escape to RCE using custom filters
PenDoc is a penetration testing reporting application. Prior to commit 1d4219c596f4f518798492e48386a20c6e9a2fe6, an attacker can write a malicious docx template containing expressions that escape the JavaScript sandbox to execute arbitrary code on the system.…
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High 8.8
Allegra getLinkText Server-Side Template Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Allegra getLinkText Server-Side Template Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Allegra. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. The sp…
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High 8.9
Apache OFBiz: Bypass SameSite restrictions with target redirection using URL parameters (SSTI and CSRF leading to RCE)
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection'), Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF), : Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability in Apache OFBiz. This issue affects Apache OFBiz: before 18.12.17. Users are re…
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High 7.0
Improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL command in some Intel(R) Neural Compressor software before vers…
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High 8.8
A Client-side Template Injection (CSTI) vulnerability in Webkul Krayin CRM 1.3.0 allows remote attackers to execute arb…
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Critical 9.1
Remote Code Execution Vulnerability via SSTI in Fides Webserver Jinja Email Templating Engine
Fides is an open-source privacy engineering platform. Starting in version 2.19.0 and prior to version 2.44.0, the Email Templating feature uses Jinja2 without proper input sanitization or rendering environment restrictions, allowing for Server-Side Template I…
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Critical 9.9
WPML Multilingual CMS <= 4.6.12 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Remote Code Execution via Twig Server-Side Template Injection
The WPML plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in all versions up to, and including, 4.6.12 via Twig Server-Side Template Injection. This is due to missing input validation and sanitization on the render function. This makes it possible …
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High 8.3
Shopware vulnerable to Server Side Template Injection in Twig using Context functions
Shopware is an open commerce platform. Prior to versions 6.6.5.1 and 6.5.8.13, the `context` variable is injected into almost any Twig Template and allows to access to current language, currency information. The context object allows also to switch for a shor…
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High 8.3
Shopware vulnerable to Server Side Template Injection in Twig using deprecation silence tag
Shopware, an open ecommerce platform, has a new Twig Tag `sw_silent_feature_call` which silences deprecation messages while triggered in this tag. Prior to versions 6.6.5.1 and 6.5.8.13, it accepts as parameter a string the feature flag name to silence, but t…