Weakness (CWE)
CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
The product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.
More detail
In some cases, XSS-style attacks can work, which can obscure the root cause if the developer does not closely investigate the root cause of the error.
Template engines can be used on the server or client, so both "sides" could be affected by injection. The mechanisms of attack or the affected technologies might be different, but the mistake is fundamentally the same.
How to prevent it (2 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Choose a template engine that offers a sandbox or restricted mode, or at least limits the power of any available expressions, function calls, or commands.
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Implementation
Use the template engine's sandbox or restricted mode, if available.
Source: MITRE CWE-1336
320 results · Feed
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Medium 4.3
Dell Data Protection Advisor, versions prior to 19.12, contains an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in …
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-64087 Public exploit
XDocReport affected by a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability
A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in the FreeMarker component of opensagres XDocReport v1.0.0 to v2.1.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via injecting crafted template expressions.
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Medium 6.8
Kimai Vulnerable to Authenticated Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI)
Kimai is a web-based multi-user time-tracking application. Prior to version 2.46.0, Kimai's export functionality uses a Twig sandbox with an overly permissive security policy (`DefaultPolicy`) that allows arbitrary method calls on objects available in the tem…
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High 8.5
OpenMetadata Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) in FreeMarker email templates that leads to RCE
OpenMetadata is a unified metadata platform. Versions 1.5.0 through 1.11.3 are vulnerable to remote code execution via Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) in FreeMarker email templates. An attacker must have administrative privileges to exploit the vulnerab…
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Medium 5.2
Craft CMS vulnerable to potential authenticated Remote Code Execution via Twig SSTI
Craft is a platform for creating digital experiences. Versions 5.0.0-RC1 through 5.8.20 and 4.0.0-RC1 through 4.16.16 are vulnerable to potential authenticated Remote Code Execution via Twig SSTI. For this to work, users must have administrator access to the …
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High 7.3
Bagisto has SSTI in parameter that can lead to RCE
Bagisto is an open source laravel eCommerce platform. Versions prior to 2.3.10 are vulnerable to server-side template injection via type parameter, which can lead to remote code execution or another exploitation. Version 2.3.10 fixes the issue.
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High 7.4
Bagisto has SSTI via first and last name from low-privilege user (not admin)
Bagisto is an open source laravel eCommerce platform. Versions prior to 2.3.10 are vulnerable to server-side template injection via first name and last name from a low-privilege user. Version 2.3.10 fixes the issue.
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High 8.9
Bagisto has Normal & Blind SSTI from low-privilege user when ordering product
Bagisto is an open source laravel eCommerce platform. Versions prior to 2.3.10 are vulnerable to server-side template injection. When a normal customer orders any product, in the `add address` step they can inject a value to run in admin view. The issue can l…
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Critical 9.1
Frappe may be vulnerable remote code execution due to server-side template injection
Frappe is a full-stack web application framework. Prior to versions 14.99.6 and 15.88.1, an authenticated user with specific permissions could be tricked into accessing a specially crafted link. This could lead to a malicious template being executed on the se…
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High 8.3
A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in the MDX Rendering Engine in Mintlify Platform before 2025-11-1…
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Critical 9.9CVE-2025-14700 Public exploit
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine in Crafty Controller
An input neutralization vulnerability in the Webhook Template component of Crafty Controller allows a remote, authenticated attacker to perform remote code execution via Server Side Template Injection.
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Critical 9.8
Netaxis API Orchestrator (APIO) before 0.19.3 allows server side template injection (SSTI).
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Medium 6.3
CTCMS Content Management System Frontend/Template Management CT_Parser.php special elements used in a template engine
A weakness has been identified in CTCMS Content Management System up to 2.1.2. This affects an unknown function in the library /ctcms/apps/libraries/CT_Parser.php of the component Frontend/Template Management Module. This manipulation causes improper neutrali…
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High 8.8
An SSTI (Server-Side Template Injection) vulnerability exists in the get_address_display method of Frappe ERPNext throu…
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Medium 4.3
An SSTI (Server-Side Template Injection) vulnerability exists in the get_terms_and_conditions method of Frappe ERPNext …
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Medium 4.3
An SSTI (Server-Side Template Injection) vulnerability exists in the get_contract_template method of Frappe ERPNext thr…
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Critical 9.8
A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability exists in the Frappe ERPNext through 15.89.0 Print Format renderi…
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High 8.8
An SSTI (Server-Side Template Injection) vulnerability exists in the get_dunning_letter_text method of Frappe ERPNext t…
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High 8.6
FoF Pretty Mail 1.1.2 Server Side Template Injection via Email Template Settings
FoF Pretty Mail 1.1.2 contains a server-side template injection vulnerability that allows administrative users to inject malicious code into email templates. Attackers can execute system commands by inserting crafted template expressions that trigger arbitrar…
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High 8.6
Akaunting 3.1.8 Server-Side Template Injection via Multiple Form Fields
Akaunting 3.1.8 contains a server-side template injection vulnerability that allows authenticated administrators to execute template expressions in multiple form input fields. Attackers can inject template payloads in items, taxes, transactions, and vendor na…
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Critical 9.8
A template injection vulnerability in the /vip/v1/file/save component of ChanCMS v3.3.4 allows attackers to execute arb…
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High 8.8
Security Sandbox Bypass with SSTI (Server Side Template Injection) in the Grav CMS
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 1.8.0-beta.27, Grav CMS is vulnerable to a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that allows any authenticated user with editor permissions to execute arbitrary code on the remote server, bypassing the existing secu…
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High 7.7
Grav is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) via Forms
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 1.8.0-beta.27, having a simple form on site can reveal the whole Grav configuration details (including plugin configuration details) by using the correct POST payload to exploit a Server-Side Template (SST) vulnerab…
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High 7.4
Grav vulnerable to Privilege Escalation and Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Twig Injection
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 1.8.0-beta.27, a user with admin panel access and permissions to create or edit pages in Grav CMS can enable Twig processing in the page frontmatter. By injecting malicious Twig expressions, the user can escalate th…
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High 8.7CVE-2025-66294 Public exploit
Grav is vulnerable to RCE via SSTI through Twig Sandbox Bypass
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 1.8.0-beta.27, a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability exists in Grav that allows authenticated attackers with editor permissions to execute arbitrary commands on the server and, under certain conditio…
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Medium 6.9
An issue was discovered in Logpoint before 7.7.0. Sensitive information is exposed in System Processes for an extended …
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High 8.3
LangChain Vulnerable to Template Injection via Attribute Access in Prompt Templates
LangChain is a framework for building agents and LLM-powered applications. From versions 0.3.79 and prior and 1.0.0 to 1.0.6, a template injection vulnerability exists in LangChain's prompt template system that allows attackers to access Python object interna…
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High 7.2CVE-2025-62369 Public exploit
Xibo CMS: Remote Code Execution through module templates
Xibo is an open source digital signage platform with a web content management system (CMS). Versions 4.3.0 and below contain a Remote Code Execution vulnerability in the CMS Developer menu's Module Templating functionality, allowing authenticated users with "…
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Critical 9.8
zhangyd-c OneBlog v2.3.9 and before was vulnerable to SSTI (Server-Side Template Injection) via FreeMarker templates.
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Medium 6.5
Uptime Kuma Server-side Template Injection (SSTI) in Notification Templates Allows Arbitrary File Read
### Summary In some Notification types (e.g., Webhook, Telegram), the `send()` function allows user-controlled renderTemplate input. This leads to a Server-side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability that can be exploited to read arbitrary files from the ser…
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Medium 5.1
bagisto - Server Side Template Injection (SSTI) in Product Description
Bagisto is an open source laravel eCommerce platform. Bagisto v2.3.7 is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) due to unsanitized user input being processed by the server-side templating engine when rendering product descriptions. This allows an …
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Critical 9.1
Elastic Cloud Enterprise (ECE) Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine in Elastic Cloud Enterprise (ECE) can lead to a malicious actor with Admin access exfiltrating sensitive information and issuing commands via a specially crafted string where Jinjava variab…
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High 7.1
Arbitrary File Read via Template Injection in Snapshot Patterns
Template Injection in instance snapshot creation component in Canonical LXD (>= 4.0) allows an attacker with instance configuration permissions to read arbitrary files on the host system via specially crafted snapshot pattern templates using the Pongo2 templa…
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High 8.8
Advanced Views – Display Posts, Custom Fields, and More <= 3.7.19 - Authenticated (Author+) Remote Code Execution via SSTI
The Advanced Views – Display Posts, Custom Fields, and More plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection in all versions up to, and including, 3.7.19. This is due to insufficient input sanitization and lack of access control when proce…
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Critical 9.8
jinjava Sandbox Bypass via JavaType-Based Deserialization
jinjava is a Java-based template engine based on django template syntax, adapted to render jinja templates. Priori to 2.8.1, by using mapper.getTypeFactory().constructFromCanonical(), it is possible to instruct the underlying ObjectMapper to deserialize attac…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-52122 Public exploit
The Freeform CraftCMS plugin contains an Server-side template injection (SSTI) vulnerability
Freeform 5.0.0 to before 5.10.16, a plugin for CraftCMS, contains an Server-side template injection (SSTI) vulnerability, resulting in arbitrary code injection for all users that have access to editing a form (submission title).
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Medium 5.9
Agiloft improper neutralization in EUI template engine
Agiloft Release 28 does not properly neutralize special elements used in an EUI template engine, allowing an authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution by loading a specially crafted payload. Users should upgrade to Agiloft Release 31.
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Medium 6.1
Craft Potential Remote Code Execution via Twig SSTI
Craft is a platform for creating digital experiences. From versions 4.0.0-RC1 to 4.16.5 and 5.0.0-RC1 to 5.8.6, there is a potential remote code execution vulnerability via Twig SSTI (Server-Side Template Injection). This is a follow-up to CVE-2024-52293. Thi…
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Medium 4.3
ThingsBoard Add Gateway special elements used in a template engine
A vulnerability was detected in ThingsBoard 4.1. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component Add Gateway Handler. The manipulation leads to improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine. The attack can be initiated remotel…
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Critical 9.1
mailcow: dockerized vulnerable to SSTI in Quota and Quarantine Notification Template
mailcow: dockerized is an open source groupware/email suite based on docker. A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability exists in versions prior to 2025-07 in the notification template system used by mailcow for sending quota and quarantine alerts.…